Lesson 4 Flashcards
Building Block of Nursing Informatics
Computer Science
all of the physical components of a computer. A
computer is a machine that uses electronic components and instructions to the
components to perform calculations, repetitive and complex procedures, process
text, and manipulate data and signals.
Computer
The basic hardware of a computer composes the computer’s architecture, and
includes the (8)
electronic circuits,
microchips,
processors,
random access
memory (RAM),
read-only memory (ROM),
and graphic and sound cards.
is a thin, flat sheet made of a firm, nonconducting material on
which the internal components—printed circuits, chips, slots, and so on—of
the computer are mounted.
Motherboard
The motherboard’s storage media is called
________
memory.
includes the locations of the computer’s internal or main
working storage
Memory
refers to the electronic storage devices or chips on the motherboard of a
computer.
Memory
There are three key types of memory in a computer.
They are:
read-onlymemory (ROM), the main memory known as random access memory (RAM), and
cache.
is a form of permanent storage in the
computer. It carries instructions that allow the computer to be booted
(started), and other essential machine instructions. Its programming is
stored by the manufacturer and cannot be changed by the user.
Read-only memory (ROM)
refers to working memory used for primary storage. It is used as temporary storage. Also known as main memory, ___ can be accessed, used, changed, and written on repeatedly. ____ is the work area available to the CPU for all processing applications.
Random access memory (RAM)
is a smaller form of RAM. Its purpose is to speed up processing
by storing frequently called items in a small, rapid access memory
location.
Cache
are wired to a controller that is plugged into the slots or circuit boards of the computer.
Input and Output
These devices allow the computer to receive information from the outside world.
Input Devices
- The most common input devices
- Others commonly seen on nursing workstations
- keyboard and mouse
- touch screen, light pen, voice, and scanner.
These devices allow the computer to report its results to the external world.
Output Devices.
are defined as any equipment that translates the computer information into something readable by people or other machines
Output devices
- The most obvious output devices are the___
- Other commonly used output devices
include___
- monitor (display screen) and printer.
- storage devices such as the USB drive (also known as flash or
thumb drive) and optical media.
includes the main memory but also external devices on which programs and data are stored. The most common storage device is the computer’s hard drive.
Storage
The most common storage device is the computer’s hard drive. Other common media include____
external hard drives, flash drives, and read/write digital versatile disks (DVDs) and compact disks (CDs).
- The hard drive is a peripheral device that has very high speed and high density
- is actually a form of a small, removable hard drive
that is inserted into the USB port of the computer
- Hard Drive
- USB flash driver
The largest type of computer is the _____.
supercomputer
First developed by _________, the early super- computer research, development, and production were carried out by Cray Corporation or one of its affiliates (Cray Corp, 2014).
Seymour Cray in 1972
computational- oriented computer specially designed for scientific applications requiring a gigantic amount of calculations that to be useful, must be processed at superfast speeds.
supercomputer
the most common fast, large, and expensive type of computer used in large businesses (including hospitals and other large healthcaremfacilities) for processing, storing, and retrieving data.
mainframe computer
found in educational and research settings,
where they are used to conduct a multitude of special educational and scientific
functions
Microcomputers
small, special function computers, although a few “full function” ____________ were introduced in the late 1990s.
Handheld computers
DIGITAL HEALTH RECORD SYSTEM INTERFACE
1. Securely store and retrieve patient medical data.
2. Provide evidence-based
recommendations during care.
3. Enhance communication and medication adherence.
4. Deliver remote care and consultations
- Electronic Health Records (EHRs)
- Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSS)
- Mobile Health Apps
- Telehealth Technologies
Assist with diagnostics, treatment planning, and
decision-making.
Artificial Intelligence (AI):
allowing nurses to seamlessly collaborate and share information across borders
Cloud Computing
allowing nurses to seamlessly collaborate and share information across borders
Cloud Computing
