Lesson 4

Question 1

is defined as “the energy which converts
electrical energy to chemical energy and vice versa.”

Answer 1

Electrochemical energy

Question 2

It is the study of electricity and how it relates to chemical
reactions.

Answer 2

electrochemical energy

Question 3

is the study of chemical processes that cause
electrons to move.

Answer 3

electrochemistry

Question 4

In electrochemistry, electricity can be generated by movements of
electrons from one element to another in a reaction known as

Answer 4

redox
or oxidation-reduction reaction

Question 5

All redox reactions involve the __________ of electrons from one atom to
another.

Answer 5

transfer

Question 6

Oxidation-reduction reactions are also called _________

Answer 6

redox reactions.

Question 7

Spontaneous redox reactions are generally ___________.

Answer 7

exothermic

Question 8

______________ are redox (oxidation-reduction) reactions in which
the energy released by a spontaneous reaction is converted to electricity or in
which electricity is used to drive a nonspontaneous chemical reaction.

Answer 8

Electrochemical processes

Question 9

The loss of electrons by an element during _____________ is marked by an
increase in the element’s oxidation number.

Answer 9

-oxidation
-reducing agent

Question 10

In ____________, there is a decrease in oxidation number resulting from a
gain of electrons by an element.

Answer 10

-reduction
-oxidizing agent

Question 11

______ is the loss of electrons, whereas ___________ refers to the acquisition
of electrons

Answer 11

-oxidation
reaction

Question 12

The apparatus for producing electricity through the use of a spontaneous
reaction is called a ____________

Answer 12

galvanic cell or voltaic cell,

Question 13

who made galvanic or voltaic cell

Answer 13

Luigi Galvani and Alessandro Volta,

Question 14

The zinc and copper bars are called __________.

Answer 14

electrodes

Question 15

This particular arrangement of electrodes
(Zn and Cu) and solutions (ZnSO4 and CuSO4) is called the _______.

Answer 15

Daniell cell

Question 16

_______ in a galvanic cell is the electrode at which oxidation occurs.

Answer 16

anodeq

Question 17

_______ is the electrode at which reduction occurs.

Answer 17

Cathode

Question 18

is an
inverted U tube containing an inert electrolyte solution, such as KCl or NH4NO3,
whose ions will not react with other ions in solution or with the electrodes.

Answer 18

salt bridge

Question 19

The voltage across the electrodes of a galvanic cell.

Answer 19

cell voltage or cell potential

Question 20

Another common term for cell voltage is the _______________, which,
despite its name, is a measure of voltage, not force.

Answer 20

electromotive force or emf (E)

Question 21

The
conventional notation for representing galvanic cells is the
__________.

Answer 21

cell diagram

Question 22

potential difference that is called the cell potential (or EMF for
electromotive force, although it is not really a force)

Answer 22

Ecell

Question 23

E° is the ________________ or the voltage associated with a reduction
reaction at an electrode when all solutes are 1 M and all gases are at 1 atm.

Answer 23

standard reduction potential,

Question 24

the standard reduction potential of the hydrogen electrode is defined as zero. The
hydrogen electrode is called the __________

Answer 24

standard hydrogen electrode (SHE).