Lesson 2 Flashcards
It is the study of matter and the
changes it undergoes.
Chemistry
is anything
that occupies space and has mass.
Matter
4 classifications of matter
substances,
mixtures, elements, and compounds.
classification of matter that Has definite composition and distinct properties
substance
Combination of two or more substances. It can be created and
then separated by physical means into its pure component
without changing the identities of the components.
mixture
the composition is uniform throughout the
mixture
homogeneous
the composition is not uniform
throughout the mixture
heterogeneous
Cannot be separated into simpler substances by chemical
means
Elements
Composed of atoms of two or more elements chemically united
into their pure composition. They can be separated only by
chemical means into their pure components.
compounds
molecules are held close
together in an orderly fashion with little freedom of
motion.
solid
close together but are
not held so rigidly in position and can move past one
another.
liquid
the molecules are separated by
distances that are large compared with the size of the
molecules.
gas
Can be measured and observed without changing
the composition or identity of a substance
Physical Property
does not depend on the
amount of substance present
Intrinsic/Intensive
color, odor, taste, density, boiling point,
melting point
Intrinsic/Intensive
depends on the amount
of substance present
mass, volume, length
extrinsic/extensive
Observed during a reaction in which the chemical
composition or identity of the substance is
changed.
chemical property
energy released during
combustion
Heat of Combustion
ΔHc
Heat of Combustion
whether a compound will
react with water or air
chemical stability
whether a compound will burn
when exposed to flame
flammability
It is a process in which a
substance (or substances) is changed into one or
more new substances.
Chemical Reaction
To represent chemical reaction, _______ is used.
chemical
equation
uses chemical symbols to
show what happens during a chemical reaction. It is a shorthand method of
representing chemical reaction using chemical
symbols and formulas to indicate the reactants and
the products.
chemical
equation
are the starting materials in a chemical
reaction
Reactants
is the substance formed as a
result of a chemical reaction.
Products
the reactants are conventionally written on the ______
and the products on the __________of the arrow.
-left
-right
is a reaction where two
or more elements or compounds (reactants) combine to
form a single compound (product)
Combination/synthesis reaction
Type of reaction:
4AI(s) + 3O2(g)=2AI2O3(s)
synthesis
type of chem reaction where a compound breaks down into two or more simpler
substances
decomposition reaction
2KCIO3(s)=2KCI(I) +302(g)
decomposition
more active metal can displace a less active metal,
while a less active one can’t displace the more active.
displacement reaction
2AI(s) + 6HCI(aq)= 2AICI3(aq) + 3H2(g)
displacement
the positive ions exchange
partners with the negative ions to form two new compounds.
double displacement or metathesis
CaCO3(s) + 2HCl(aq) =CaCl2(aq) + CO2(g) + H2O(l)
double displacement reaction
an acid and base quantitatively react together to form a salt
and water as products
neutralization reaction
reaction of elements and compounds with oxygen
combustion reaction
is a term used to describe
quantitative relationships in chemistry.
stoichiometry
It is the
quantitative study of reactants and products in a
chemical reaction.
stoichiometry
this approach means that the stoichiometric coefficients in a
chemical equation can be interpreted as the number
of moles of each substance.
mole method
