Lesson 4 Flashcards
a place where two bones meet
Joint/Articulations
immovable joints
tightly joint, no synovial joint and fluid
Fibrous Joint/Synarthroses
movement occurs in fetuses and young children
Suture/skull type
- connective tissue replaced by bones and they become permanently fused
- sealed joint
Synastosis
- bones are close together but not touching
- held by collagenous fibers
radius, ulna
Syndesmoses
- fibrous joints made up of peg and socket
root of tooth
Gomphoses
- slightly movable joints
- united by a plate of hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage disc
Cartilaginous joints/Amphiarthroses
- primary cartilaginous joint
- joint composed of epiphyseal plate of hyaline cartilage that joins the diaphysis and epiphysis
- growth, not movement
Synchondroses
- adult synchondroses replaced by bone
synostosis
- few synchondroses are not replaced by bone
sternoclavicular joint
- secondary synchondrosis
- two bony surfaces are covered by thin layer of hyaline cartilage
Symphyses
- freely movable joints
- end of bones are covered with articular cartilage
- joint is lubricated by synovial joint
- enclosed by a flexible articular capsule
Synovial Joints/Diarthroses
Structures of synovial joints
SAALT-BT
synovial cavity/joint cavity
articularly cartilage
articular capsule
ligaments
tendon
bursae
tendon sheathes
- contains synovial membrane that secretes synovial joint
synovial cavity
- covers epiphysis
- reduce friction
- end of long bones
- shock absorber
- cannot replace itself when destroyed
articularly cartilage
- fibrous capsule that lines synovial cavity
- pliable -> permits movement
articular capsule
- connect bone to adjacent bone
- rich supply of sensory nerves
- inelastic but permits movement
Ligaments
- attached bone to bone
Tendon
- flattened sacs
- cushion certain muscles
- filled with synovial fluid
Bursae
- long cylindrical sacs filled with synovial fluid
- reduce friction at joint surfaces
- found in wrist, palms, fingers
Tendon Sheathes
accesory ligaments
extracapsular and intracapsular
articular disc
menisci
Types of synovial joints
Hinge
Pivot
Saddle
Condyloid
Ball and socket
Gliding
(He put some candy bags and gums)
- joint capable of extension and flexion
- elbow, knees, fingers
Hinge
- able to rotate around central axis
- C1 and C2 of head
Pivot
- saddle shaped
- found only between the metacarpal and carpal bones
- between trapezium and metacarpal of thumb
Saddle
- elongated ball and socket joint found in the atlas and occipital bone
- two direction
- between radius and scaphoid and lunate
- “knuckles”
Condyloid
- allows movement in many directions
- shoulder joint
Ball and socket
- composed of flat articular surfaces so that a bone slides to another
- joint of the wrist and ankles
Gliding
