LESSON 3.1: Disaster Management

Question 1

Moreover, a disaster may be

Answer 1

man-made or natural.

Question 1

It is a serious disruption of the functioning of a community or a society causing widespread human, material, economic, or environmental losses, which exceed the ability of the affected community to cope using its own resources (UNISDR, 2004).

Answer 1

Disaster

Question 2

Disasters are frequently described as a result of the combination of the following:

Answer 2

1. the exposure to a hazard
2. the conditions of vulnerability present
3. insufficient capacity or measures to reduce or cope with the potential negative consequences

Question 3

is a situation or an occurrence with the capacity to bring damages to lives, properties, and the environment.

is a dangerous phenomenon or a human activity that may also cause loss of livelihoods and services, as well as social and economic disruption.

Answer 3

hazard

Question 4

that pose threats or cause negative impacts to people and property. Examples of the following are:

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Natural Hazards

Question 5

Natural Hazard Examples:

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Typhoon, storm surge, flood/flash flood, earthquake, tsunami, volcanic eruption, lahar flows, drought, red tide, wildfire, etc.

Question 6

include civil conflict, displacement due to development projects, environmental degradation, industrial-technological hazards

Answer 6

Man-made Hazards

Question 7

Man-made Hazards Examples:

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toxic waste, oil spill, fish kills, etc.

Question 8

Flooding and drought can fall under this category if these are due to deforestation. Most events are combinations or interplay of both natural and human-made factors. Typhoons are natural hazards that can also cause flash floods. At the same time, environmental degradation, like excessive and illegal logging, aggravates the impact of the typhoon and flash floods. The flash flood in Ormoc in Southern Leyte in 1991 is one example.

Answer 8

Combination or Socionatural Hazards

Question 9

Hazards are often mapped to increase the community’s awareness about its presence in the area.

Answer 9

hazard map.

Question 10

Natural hazards, in general, can’t be prevented but can be

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anticipated

Question 11

Man-made hazards can frequently be

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prevented and anticipated.

Question 12

In both cases, the worst effects of hazards may be

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reduced or mitigated.

Question 13

This is a condition determined by physical, social, economic, and environmental factors or processes, which increases the susceptibility of a community to the impact of hazards. These long-term factors affect a household or community’s ability to absorb losses after a disaster and recover from damage.

Is present in the community even before a disaster happens. It precedes disaster; contributes to its severity, impedes disaster response, and may continue to exist after a disaster has struck.

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Vulnerability

Question 14

• They are the community members whose capacities are low and insufficient to withstand and overcome the damaging and adverse effects of disasters.
• Examples: farmers, urban poor, laborers, indigenous people, person with disabilities (PWDs), women, and children

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MOST VULNERABLE SECTORS

Question 15

• They are the community members whose capacities start from their own ability to acquire material resources; skills and training; and position in society.
• Their role is to extend assistance and support the most vulnerable sectors.
• Examples: professionals, small entrepreneurs, and others similar to those who belong to the higher levels of society

Answer 15

LESS VULNERABLE SECTORS

Question 16

• Sectors in the society having a high position in the community
• Most of the time, they are the targets of the vulnerable and less vulnerable sectors in advocacy work in relating disaster issues to the structure and policies implemented by the government that is the root causes of vulnerability of the community.
• Examples: government officials, barangay leaders

Answer 16

NOT VULNERABLE SECTORS