Lesson 3: Tourism Distribution Channels Flashcards
Mediators between the tourist & suppliers
Tourism Distribution Channels
Tourism Distribution Channels is aka
Middlemen
Tourism Distribution Channels is synonymous to
Travel Intermediaries & Travel Trade Sector
Channels of Distribution Systems
Unilateral Distribution System
Bi-level Distribution System
Differentiate: travel agency and tour operator
travel agency (retailer) tour operator (wholesaler(
Unilateral Distribution System is aka
Disintermediariezation
A person or organization selling travel services on behalf of principals for commission
Travel Agency
sell ancillary services
Travel Agency
Packager, Wholesale Tour Operator, Tour Wholesaler & Wholesaler
Tour Packages
Tour Operator
“A commercial enterprise where a traveler may secure information, receive travel advice, and make arrangements to travel by air, sea or land, to any point in the world for a professional fee.
Travel Management Company or Travel Agency
Diagram of Travel Management Company or Travel Agency
Supplier Consumer TMC
Functions of a TMC
Provides assistance in securing travel documents
Processes travel arrangements
Assists in cases of refunds and cancellations.
Types of Travel Agency According to Ownership
- Sole Proprietorship
- Partnership
- Corporation
Types of Travel Agency According to Size
Small-sized TMC/TA Medium-sized TMC/TA
Large-sized TMC/TA
travel entity or company that assembles & operates tour packages, made up of transportation services, accommodations, meal & tour guide.
Tour Operator
Classifications of Tour Operator
Local Tour Operator (LTO)
Domestic Tour Operator ( DTO )
Inbound Tour Operator (ITO)
Outbound Tour Operator (OTO)
Types of Tourist /Travelers According to Personality by WTO served by Travel Agencies
- Adventurer/ Individual Travelers
- Mainstream Tourists
- Extreme Tourist
Budget conscious, they do not just appreciate the place but want to experience it.
Adventurer/ Individual Travelers
Usually travel in big groups, prefer to see destinations recommended to them. They go on :
* Educational Tours * Family Excursions * Corporate Excursions * Vacations
Mainstream Tourists
observant, participative in the traditions, celebrations & customs of the local community
Extreme Tourist
Travel Agency Operations
A. Counter Counseling B. Flight Reservations C. Fare Calculation D. Airline Ticketing E. Documentation
aims to conclude counter sales, which are transactions captured by the travel counselors or counter staff.
Counter counseling
is the process by which cities to be visited are arranged in the desired sequence to conform with the passenger’s desired travel plans, starting from the point of origin to the destinations to be visited in the desired sequence.
Flight itinerary planning
Planning a flight itinerary, 3 rules:
1) avoid crisscrossing
2) avoid backtracking
3) remember that the less carries used, the better.
3 Flight Reservations
Manual Reservations
Electronic Reservations
Automated Reservations
the traditional way of placing reservation before the advent of e-commerce and the Internet. This method involves direct contact with the supplier’s staff by mobile or regular phone.
Manual Reservations
Electronic reservations were introduced by the use of email correspondence and involve writing to the email address of the supplier and receiving a reply from a department or individual. Another way to place an electronic reservation is through an interactive website where no human contact is involved.
Electronic Reservations
Automated reservations are made through a global distribution system where in the supplier is a member. Unlike electronic reservations where fields or boxes in the screen first, allowing the client to make a choice.
Automated Reservations
is the amount charged by a carrier of a passenger and his allowable free baggage, and his the current fare which a carrier in the publication it normally uses to publish fares, holds out to the public as being applicable to the class of service to be furnished
fare
It represents a contract between a passenger and a carrier and represents a passenger’s payment to the travel agent.
air ticket
T/F: Only after the reservations have been processed and confirmed and the applicable airfares calculated, can the Ticketing Officer issue an air ticket.
True
refers to the process of legally securing the necessary travel papers for prospective passengers
Documentation
Process of debugging the middlemen
Disintermediariezation
Roles of a Tour Guide
Educator PR Representative Host Caregiver Overseer Coordinator Timekeeper Shepherd
