Lesson 3- Respiratory System Flashcards
where does the diffusion of oxygen occur?
epithelial tissue of respiratory membranes
which cells are on the alveoli of the lungs?
squamous epithelial cells
is bulk flow required in respiratory systems?
yes to bring gases within diffusion distance of the respiratory membranes
what is bulk flow powered by in the respiratory system?
coordinated muscle movement to bring oxygen-rich air or water within diffusion distance of the respiratory surface
what forms can the fluid carrying oxygen in the respiratory system be?
air or water
does diffusion work better in water or air?
air, since it is less dense compared to water.
which is more viscous? air or water?
water
how does the anatomy of an organism change is the medium through which they receive oxygen is water instead of air?
the layer through which oxygen must diffuse becomes thicker. Ex: boundary layer over the surface of the gills is thicker than that of the lungs
what is ventilation?
the process of moving the respiratory medium over the respiratory surface/ bulk flow
for most aquatic animals, what are the specialized respiratory surfaces located outside the body?
the gills
what do aquatic animals like marine worms or crayfish use to ventilate the gills? (2)
- paddle-like appendages called parapodium
- moving around functions to ventilate the gills
what do bony fish use to ventilate their gills? (2)
- the jaw
- operculum muscle
water flows inside their mouth and the jaw muscles push it out through slits in the pharynx. The operculum covering the gills also aids in the ventilation of the gill surface
what picks up oxygen in fish?
on gill filaments, blood found in the capillary beds of lamella picks up oxygen from water passing.
