lesson 3 - planning in management Flashcards
1
Q
it is the process of FORMULATING OBJECTIVES and determining the steps which will be employed obtaining them
A
Planning
2
Q
it is where it helps set an achievable course of action by establishing long term and short-term goals, monitoring progress, and help set an environment where day-to-day process are well controlled, measured, and thoroughly understood
A
planning
3
Q
goals should be: R A S
A
realistic
achievable
short and long term goals
4
Q
it is the THINKING and ANALYZING portion of the management processes
A
planning
5
Q
when you start something, you always start with _______ to know or achieve operations of the different organizations
A
planning
6
Q
Planning hierarchy is composed of 11 parts which are:
A
- mission
- vision
- goals
- objectives
- strategies
- policies
- procedures
- rules
- programs
- budget
- performance measures
7
Q
what are the five parts of the implementation plan
A
- policies
- procedures
- rules
- program
- budget
8
Q
this the part of the planning hierarchy it is the PURPOSE of the organization and it has shared values and beliefs
A
mission
9
Q
this the part of the planning hierarchy where IT IS THE ESSENCE OF THE PRESENT
A
mission
10
Q
this the part of the planning hierarchy where it determines BROADLY the future of the organization
A
vision
11
Q
this the part of the planning hierarchy where WHAT THE ORGANIZATION WISH TO BECOME
A
vision
12
Q
this the part of the planning hierarchy where it is NOT TOO WORDY IN WRITING
A
vision
13
Q
what is the ideal number of sentence/s when writing a vision
A
1-2 sentences
14
Q
this the part of the planning hierarchy it is the LONG-TERM ambitions or DESIRED OUTCOMES of the organization
A
goals
15
Q
this the part of the planning hierarchy where IT IS DIFFICULT TO DETERMINE when it can be accomplished
A
goals
16
Q
this the part of the planning hierarchy where specific SHORT TERM ACTIONS to reach the goal
A
objectives
17
Q
it is clearly defined, measurable, time bound standards or tasks
A
objectives
18
Q
together with goals, it answers the question WHAT the organization wishes to achieve
A
objectives
19
Q
it supports the mission and vision of the organization
A
objectives or goals
20
Q
this the part of the planning hierarchy where PLANS DEVISED in order to achieve the goals and objective of the organization
A
strategies
21
Q
it answers the question HOW the organization wishes to achieve their objective and goals
A
strategies
22
Q
it is very similar to goals and objectives
A
strategies
23
Q
this the part of the planning hierarchy where it is the LAWS OF THE LABORATORY or ORGANIZATION
A
policies
24
Q
this expresses BEHAVIORAL EXPECTATIONS applied to everyone in an organization
A
policies
25
it is a comprehensive guideline of OBJECTIVE CONSISTENT DECISION MAKING that connects STRATEGIES WITH IMPLEMENTATION
policies
26
this the part of the planning hierarchy where plans that establish a REQUIRED METHOD OF HANDLING future activities
procedures
27
WRITTEN, SEQUENTIAL COURSES OF ACTION taken to achieve a goal
procedures
28
this the part of the planning hierarchy where it is SPECIFIC, RIGID, and DETAILED guides to action strictly obeyed by organizational members
rules
29
it is where VIOLATION entails DISCIPLINARY ACTION
rules
30
this the part of the planning hierarchy where ACTIVITIES are important to achieve single-use plan
programs
31
it is a COMBINATION OF ACTION PLANS devised to accomplish a mission
programs
32
DETAILED PLAN composed of its own goals, procedures, rules, and regulations
programs
33
this the part of the planning hierarchy where it is a SHORT TERM FINANCIAL PLAN
budgets
34
it is developed to aid an organization's RESOURCE ALLOCATION
budgets
35
this the part of the planning hierarchy where it ESTABLISHES INDICATORS FOR SUCCESS
performance measures
36
set standards on how you want to EVALUATE how you achieve the organization
performance measures
37
each part of the hierarchy should support the one ___ it
before
38
what are the 4 types of planning (SOTC)
1. strategic planning
2. operational planning
3. tactical planning
4. contingency planning
39
this type of planning considers the LONG-TERM ISSUES AND THE VISION of the organization
strategic planning
40
this is broader compared to operational planning
strategic planning
41
this type of planning that focuses on the DAY-TO-DAY tasks like staffing and inventory
operational planning
42
this type of planning has a more DETAILED OBJECTIVES with sets of deadlines and task assignments
operational planning
43
this type of planning is used to reach goals using STRATEGIC and OPERATIONAL plans
tactical planning
44
this type of planning includes SHORT-TERM OBJECTIVES and TASKS developed to produce RESULTS WITHIN A SHORT TIMEFRAME
tactical planning
45
this type of planning is CLOSEST TO THE OPERATIONAL PLAN
tactical planning
46
this type of planning is where detailed tasks or action items applied in an EMERGENCY SITUATION that could HINDER organizational operations
contingency planning
47
this type of planning is for BACK UP PLAN
contingency planning
48
it is methodological STRUCTURED process involving an organization's identification of their mission and direction, creating a UNIFIED, ACTION-ORIENTED APPROACH in accomplishing both long term and short-term goals by assigning responsibilities, allocating resources, and prioritizing the goals
strategic planning
49
it ideally includes the participation of the supervisor and staff in every level to best create a plan that includes the entire organization operation
strategic planning
50
it deals a lot of long term organization operations
strategic planning
51
all departments in the organization must be __________ in creating strategic planning
well-organized
52
it is the first step in creating unified approach is the selection of
planning group
53
it is a small group of knowledgeable, motivated staff from all areas of the laboratory assembled by the leader or manager to participate in the planning process
planning group
54
often includes an objective, contructive facilitator
planning group
55
it is ideal that the facilitator is objective/unbiased and usually someone from outside of the organization, because _________ might create an imbalance in the emphasis of the planning process
subjectivity
56
it is a systematic analysis between the internal and external factors that influence the laboratory or the organization
environment analysis
57
it is gathering data from any possible source
environment analysis
58
gathering data from any possible source for environment analysis, what are the possible source?
financial information:
1. trends and projections
2. capital equipment inventories
3. personnel data
4. laboratory specific performance data
59
it sets TONE and REALISTIC CONTEXT for planning
environment analysis
60
Depending on where an organization is located, it might operate differently
environment analysis
61
this analysis is important to ensure that the planning process is reflective of the operations suitable to its environment or context
environment analysis
62
this is an environmental analysis that examines both the internal and external factors
SWOT Analysis
63
SWOT means
Strength
Weakness
Opportunities
Threats
64
the internal assessments of the SWOT analysis
Strengths and Weakness
65
the external assessments of the SWOT analysis
opportunities and threats
66
in the swot analysis, these are the advantages present already in an organization
strengths
67
in the swot analysis, these are the deficiencies of an organization
weakness
68
69
in the swot analysis, these are the different situations where the advantages can be applied
opportunities
70
in the swot analysis, these are the external factors that would pose the risks
threats
71
this is an environmental analysis of an organization in the conduct of a project after assessments regarding particular EXTERNAL MACRO-ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS
PESTLE analysis
72
PESTLE analysis meaning
Political
Economic
Social
Technological
Legal
Environmental
73
in the PESTLE analysis, what is the additional E to some organizations mean?
Ethical Implications
74
under Politics
1. Policies and Laws
2. Stability
3. Corruption
75
under Economic
1. Growth
2. inflation
3. Interest Rate
4. Employment
5. HH Income
76
under Social
1. population
2. ageing
3. lifestyle
4. career views
5. cultural barriers
77
under Technological
1. Technology Incentives
2. Automation
3. R&D Activity
4. Innovation
77
under Legal
1. antitrust
2. labor
3. copyright
4. data privacy
5. health and safety
78
under Environmental
1. climate change
2. ethics
3. recycling and disposing
4. sustainability
78
what are the 8 steps in strategic planning?
1. select a planning group
2. conduct environmental analysis (SWOT or PESTLE)
3. construct a list of manageable and realistic achievable goals
4. prioritize goals (must do vs want to do)
5. develop list of strategies to achieve goals
6. assign accountabilities and timelines
7. measure progress with metrics
8. review progress and make update on a regular basis
79
is a conscious choice made after evaluating available alternative for achieving a specific result
decision
80
what are the characteristics of a good decision?
1. based on a complete investigation of the root of the causes and potential problems
2. should identify and evaluate alternative solutions
3. selection of the best choice
5. should encompass an effective strategy for solution implementation
81
what are the 7 steps in making decision?
RIDIE IF
1. recognition that there is a problem
2. investigation and analyze
3. definition of the nature and boundaries of the problem
4. identify alternative solution
5. evaluation of each option
6. implementation of the solution
7.. follow up
82
Qualitative decision-making techniques
1. Personal Judgement
2. Solicitation of Advice
83
it is a qualitative decision-making technique that improved through the accumulation of more life and more work experience
personal judgement
84
what are the 4 types of solicitation of advice:
1. brainstorming
2. synectics
3. nominal grouping
4. delphi method
85
it is a type of solicitation of advice that it is where group members are freely and spontaneously input ideas and solutions for later evaluation without regard to validity
brainstorming
86
it is a type of solicitation of advice that is where group members are brought together as a problem solving or troubleshooting team
synectics
87
it is a type of solicitation of advice that it is a highly structured meeting wherein group members write ideas in private and present them to the group; alternative solutions are voted on and ranked in secret
nominal grouping
88
it is a type of solicitation of advice that is a modification of nominal grouping, input and opinions of experts are solicited on questionnaires prior to the meeting, after which they are discussed and voted on ANONYMMOUSLY; applied when MAKING DECISIONS BASED ON FUTURE EVENTS or IDEAS
delphi method
89
it is a process of EVALUATING AND SELECTING THE BEST COURSE OF ACTION among multiple options
Systematic Option Review
90
a performance management that involves setting goals to align employee efforts with organizational objectives and enhance performance
management by objectives
91
program that applies all management processes in everyday practice
MBO Programs
92
program that is focused on quality assurance and performance improvement
MBO Programs
93
Management by Objective Process (6)
1. define organizational goals
2. define employee objectives
3. continue monitoring performance and programs
4. provide feedback
5. performance appraisal
6. performance evaluation
94
what are the characteristics of objectives
1. devised following extensively planned long-term goals
2. collaborative effort between organizational members and supervisors
3. tailored to the job and responsibility of each organizational member
4. accomplished with organizational members' power
5. measurable and time-specific
6. incorporate a performance evaluation or feedback mechanism
95
what are the steps in implementing the management by objectives
1. clear goal and objective setting by manager
2. clear communication of goals and objectives to organizational members
3. agreement of established goals and objectives between manager and members
