Lesson 3: Overview of Causes of WW1 + Nature of WW1 Flashcards
Learning Intention: to understand the causes of WW1 and the nature and battles of WW1 and the atmosphere
Armistice
an end to fighting
Treaty
a formal written agreement between 2 or more states
Reparation
pay for damage caused
Re-conquer
taking back territory or land
Vengeance
revenge
Causes of WW1
-militarism
-alliances
-imperialism
-nationalism
Militarism
when a country either builds up its military or allows leaders of the military to make government decisions
Triple alliance
Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy
Triple entente
Britain, France, Russia
Imperialism
rule by an emperor
Nationalism
when people of a country start to turn their patriotism into hatred of others or a feeling of being superior
What was the naval arms race
both Britain and Germnay wanted to build the best and most warships, known as the Dreadnaughts
Why were alliances causing tension
the countries of Europe secretly allied with each other, meaning that if one attacked the other they wouldn’t be sure who would get involved
Why was imperialism causing tension
Germany’s desire to have a larger empire than Britain lead to conflict
Why was nationalism causing conflict
German nationalism meant that the Germans wanted to prove themselves to be better than Britain, while Serbian nationalism meant a hatred of the Austro-Hungarians because they often threatened them.
Why was Franz Ferdinand assassinated
many Bosnians hated the rule of his uncle, Franz Joseph and rejected imperialism because they wanted the freedom to join with the Kingdom of Serbia
When was Franz Ferdinand assassinated
26th of June, 1914
What caused an all-out war in Europe and Australia
Germany’s invasion of Belgium, since it was a neutral country.
When did Britain declare war on Germany
4th of September, 1914
Theatres of WW1
-Middle East
-Western Front
-Italy
-the North Sea
-Eastern Europe
-Turkey
-North Africa
Why did the development of technology cause an escalation in the war
the conflict quickly became a test of military strength, hardware and tactics
How powerful were WW1 machine guns
they could fire up to 600 rounds of ammunition in under a minute
Disadvantages of using machine guns in WW1
they often overheated and were heavy and difficult to use in the mud
When did germany introduce poison gas as a weapon of war
April 1915
What poison gases were used in WW1
chlorine, mustard and tear gas
What did chlorine do
It burned and destrpyed the airways of soldiers
Who banned the use of poison gas in warfare
the Geneva Protocol Treaty in 1925
When did the British army introduce war tanks
September 1916
Advantages of using army tanks
they could overcome barbed wire obstacles and trenches
Disadvantages of using army tanks
they were mechanically unreliable and frequently broke down or became stuck in muddy ditches
What were the zeppelins
huge airships that were used by Germany
How were zeppelins better than other war planes
they were able to fly higher than conventional aircraft and drift almost silently over targets
Disadvantages of using zeppelins in war
their ability to shoot accurately was poor and strong winds could blow them off course
What were zeppelins replaced with
multi-engine bomber planes
What communications were developed during WW1
telephone and radio systems
Disadvantages of using technological communications in WW1
phone lines were quickly damaged by artillery and wireless radios were difficult and heavy to move
What did soldiers use instead of technology to communicate
motrobike couriers, carrier pigeons and dogs
Where did Australian troops fight in 1916 to 1918
the Western Front
Where did Germany and Russia fight until 1917
the Eastern Front
Who fought the Turks in the Middle East
ANZAC troops and the British Army
What was the Gallipoli Campaign
a failed invasion of Turkey
Why was there a stalemate on the Western Front
the British and French could not drive the Germans out of France and the Germans could not advance any further
