Lesson 3: Freedom

Question 1

TYPES OF FREEDOM

Answer 1

CIRCUMSTANTIAL FREEDOM

METAPHYSICAL FREEDOM

Question 2

…is the liberty to accomplish an action without
interference or obstacles

Answer 2

CIRCUMSTANTIAL FREEDOM

Question 3

…you have the physical ability to
get something done

Answer 3

CIRCUMSTANTIAL FREEDOM

Question 4

…is POWER TO CHOOSE among
genuine alternatives

Answer 4

METAPHYSICAL FREEDOM

Question 5

is acting independently
of prior causal factors.

Answer 5

Genuine alternatives

Question 6

PHILOSOPHICAL VIEWS ON FREEDOM

Answer 6

DETERMINISM
LIBERTARIANISM
(indeterminism)
COMPATIBILISM

Question 7

…is a philosophical view that believes that every event in the
world is brought about by underlying causes or factors.

Answer 7

DETERMINISM

Question 8

Determinism asserts that man may have circumstantial
freedom, but he

Answer 8

does not have metaphysical freedom

Question 9

DETERMINISM asserts that man’s path is ___________

Answer 9

PREDETERMINED

Question 10

…is a philosophical view that believes that human actions are
FREELY CHOSEN.

Answer 10

LIBERTARIANISM
(indeterminism)

Question 11

LIBERTARIANISM
(indeterminism) …asserts that we do have metaphysical freedom; we
are

Answer 11

MORALLY RESPONSIBLE

Question 12

We aren’t just puppets dangling from a string,
nor are we subject to some predetermined path.
We’ve got the __________________________________________ between options.

Answer 12

CAPACITY AND INTELLECT
TO CHOOSE

Question 13

…is a philosophical view that believes that free will and
determinism are compatible idea

Answer 13

COMPATIBILISM

Question 14

…and that it is possible to believe in both without
being logically inconsistent.

Answer 14

COMPATIBILISM

Question 15

We are determined and we have
_______________________________________.
__________ freedom is all we need to be
morally responsible

Answer 15

MORAL RESPONSIBILITY, Circumstantial

Question 16

(father of existentialism)

Answer 16

Søren Kierkegaard

Question 17

explains _______ as the
dizzying effect of freedom, of
paralyzing possibility, of the
boundlessness of one’s own
existence — a kind of
existential __________ ___ ________

Answer 17

anxiety, paradox of choice

Question 18

a philosophical theory or approach which emphasizes the
existence of the individual person as a free and responsible agent determining
their own development through acts of the will.

Answer 18

EXISTENTIALISM

Question 19

For Kierkegaard, to resolve
this paradox of choice, we
must have a leap of faith.

Answer 19

DIZZINESS OF
FREEDOM

Question 20

Leap of Faith has three components/
stages:

Answer 20

Aesthetic Stage
Ethical Stage
Theological Stage

Question 21

Aesthetic Stage

Answer 21

immersion in sensuous experience
physical and external standards serve as the basis
an attraction to the beautiful

Question 22

Aesthetic Stage
(Characteristics)

Answer 22

empty-headedness: you
do not think about it, you
just accept it as it is as
long as it is beautiful

Question 23

consciousness in terms
of the moral aspects in
life.

an individual tries to
discern whether his
action is good or bad

Answer 23

Ethical Stage

Question 24

the last stage; the
individual seeks for a
supreme being

freedom is authentic if it is
lived in consciousness with
the supreme being

Answer 24

Theological Stage

Question 25

Theological Stage

Answer 25

Abraham’s sacrifice of Isaac provides the
difference

Genesis 22:2

Then God said, “Take your son, your only
son, whom you love—Isaac—and go to
the region of Moriah. Sacrifice him there
as a burnt offering on a mountain I will
show you.”

Question 26

KIERKEGAARD’S CHRISTIANITY

Answer 26

Rejected the sufficiency of the idea of
being born Christian
Christianity is a commitment which the
most of the mob of ‘Christendom’ do not
posses

Question 27

is
more famous through his works
in Psychology. He is known for
his Operant Conditioning.

Answer 27

Burrhus Frederic Skinner

Question 28

Burrhus Frederic Skinner also contributed in the question of
freedom. For him,

Answer 28

human freedom is
nothing but an illusion

Question 29

man is not free because…

Answer 29

a) all present behavior is controlled
by previous behavior and
b)all behavior has motivational
causes which are necessitating
causes.

Question 30

Reinforcement –
increasing the
probability of
behavior

Answer 30

Positive – reinforcing stimulus is added

• Negative – aversive stimulus is removed

Question 31

Punishment –
decreasing the
probability of
behavior

Answer 31

positive – aversive stimulus added

• Negative – reinforcing stimulus removed

Question 32

His position seems to be one of
absolute indeterminism or…

Answer 32

TOTAL
FREEDOM, SARTRE

Question 33

He believed that man has no
historicity. All he has are future
possibilities the possession of
which he absolutely holds. He is
not defined and determined; he
defines and determines himself

Answer 33

SARTRE

Question 34

an existentialist philosopher of
the contemporary period.

Answer 34

SARTRE

Question 35

Freedom is about “______ _ _____” and
that by choosing freedom, the person is
“asserting his existence and his freedom.”

Answer 35

making a choice

Question 36

Sartre asserts that “__________________________.”

Answer 36

Existence is
not necessity

Question 37

In Sartre’s view, the barriers to freedom will only
become a hindrance if the…

Answer 37

human person chooses to
accept it as a hindrance to his freedom.

Question 38

“Freedom” in Sartre concept is not the freedom to
just do something or anything. He says “you are
free” because the person always has a choice,
“therefore choose.” - ____________________________

Answer 38

Freedom is the
capacity to choose

Question 39

SARTRE FULL NAME

Answer 39

Jean-Paul Sartre