Lesson 3- Basic Chemistry & Organ Systems Flashcards
What is matter?
Anything taking up space and that has mass
What is the smallest union of matter?
The atom
What is a molecule?
2 or more atoms of same/different elements joined by chemical bonds (ex: H2O, O2, etc)
What is a compound?
2 or more DIFFERENT elements joined by chemical bonds
What is the atom made of?
Protons & neutrons (nucleus) and electrons
If the charge is neutral, the atom has the same number of electrons and neutrons
Why is the valence shell? Why is it important?
It is the last shell of an atom. If it contains electrons, they will be valence electrons. These determine the chemical behaviour of the element.
What does a full valence shell mean?
This means the atom will not form chemical bonds with other ones. This is an atom’s goal in life.
What is an ionic bond?
A bond that involves an atom donating electrons to another (usually 1 or 2) ex: NaCl
What is a covalent bond?
The strongest possible bond, this bond is based on electrons being shared between atoms
What is an ion?
A charged atom that doesn’t have the same number of protons and electrons
What is a solution?
Evenly distributed mixture of 2 or more compounds.
What is a solvent and what is a solute?
The primary component of a solution is called a solvent, the secondary one is a solute.
What can we say about a solution if water is the solvent?
It is an aqueous solution
ex: blood
Explain the functioning of a blood capillary
blood rushes in, plasma is pulled out of tiny openings, and pools around cells in the body. Cells take the nutrients in the plasma to feed.
What is electronegativity?
The ability to attract electrons in a bond
