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Philosophy > Lesson 3 a > Flashcards

Lesson 3 a Flashcards

1
Q

also called Oriental; represents Asia.

A

eastern

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2
Q

centered on finding the answers to the question “who and what am I?”
They focus on searching for the meaning of being human.
The goal of their respective philosophical enterprises is to practice how to truly live as a human person.

A

eastern philosophy

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3
Q

_ is a system of ethics devised by the Chinese scholar K’ung Fu- tzu in sixth century BC China.

A

confucianism

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4
Q

_ is characterized by relational identity which means that a person is defined by his/her significant relationships.

A

self

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5
Q

__ is seen as the ultimate purpose of life.

A

Self-cultivation/ self-realization

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6
Q

(man of virtue or noble character; commonly translated as “gentleman” or “superior man”) is, above all, a man of self-cultivation

A

chun tzu

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7
Q

the principle of self-restraint and sense of propriety. It includes following social etiquette and mannerisms.

A

Li

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8
Q

means sincerity and unwavering devotion to the good

A

cheng

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9
Q

love for the immediate family and then society

A

hsiao

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10
Q

the principle of righteousness

A

yi

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11
Q

the principle of honesty in life

A

xin

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12
Q

the most important of all principles. It means being kind and humane to your fellow beings. It is about helping out others

A

jen

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13
Q

principle of loyalty to one’s family and to one’s country

A

chung

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14
Q

five important relationships

A

King to subject
Father to son
Husband to wife
Older brother to younger brother
Friend to friend

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15
Q

self in Confucianism is a ________. It is conditioned to respond to perceptions, not of its own needs and aspirations, but of social requirements and obligations

A

subdued self

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16
Q

__ is practiced today in China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore, Japan and Thailand. But there are Taoists throughout the world.

A

taoism

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17
Q

___ believe that humankind, nature and heaven are all interconnected, and that harmony exists when everything acts according to its own nature

A

taoists

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18
Q

Living in harmony with one’s nature is known in Taoism as

A

wu wei

19
Q

A person who practices _ avoids aggression and bends to accommodate life’s problems rather than break under their weight

A

wu wei

20
Q

A Taoist strives to live in harmony with the __

A

natural order

21
Q

The natural order is an unknowable force called the

A

tao

22
Q

tao translation

A

the way

23
Q

the connection that makes all life and movement in nature possible. They believe that when a person lives out their life on earth, the Tao returns them to heaven.

A

tao

24
Q

The Tao is composed of two opposite energies called _______. Taoists believe everything in existence has the characteristics of both the ______.

A

yin and yang

25
Q

heave, masculine, rational, hardness, lightness, sun, fire

A

yang

26
Q

earth, feminine, emotional softness, heaviness, moon water

A

yang

27
Q

Legend says that thefounder of Taoism is ____, though it is possible he never existed. ____ is said to have been a scholar who worked as a keeper of records

A

Lao Tzu

28
Q

Once, while traveling, a gatekeeper recognized Lao Tzu and asked him to write down his wisdom. According to legend, Lao Tzu wrote the ____, then rode through the gate, never to be seen again

A

Tao Te Ching

29
Q

Tao Te Ching means ___ It is a very short book—an English language translation is only 128 pages

A

“the Way of Life”

30
Q

recommends bending to accommodate rather than breaking under the stresses of life. The book discourages learning or ambition, instead stressing that we should live according to our nature

A

tao te ching

31
Q

According to the __, inaction is better than action. By not allowing events to unfold according to their nature, a person has challenged the Tao

A

tao te ching

32
Q

founder of Buddhism is ___. He was born into a wealthy family and prophecies stated that if he stayed home, he would become a king, and if he left home he would become a spiritual leader

A

Siddhartha Gautama

33
Q

four noble truths

A

to live is to suffer
suffering is caused by craving and aversions
to eliminate suffering, we must eliminate desires
the path which leads to the end of suffering is the noble 8 fold path

34
Q

Complete or Perfect Vision, also translated as right view or understanding.

A

samma ditthi

35
Q

Perfected Emotion or Aspiration, also translated as right thought or attitude. Liberating emotional intelligence in your life and acting from love and compassion.

A

samma sankappa

36
Q

Perfected or whole Speech. Also called right speech. Clear, truthful, uplifting and non-harmful communication.

A

samma vaca

37
Q

Integral Action. Also called right action. An ethical foundation for life based on the principle of non-exploitation of oneself and others.

A

samma kammanta

38
Q

Proper Livelihood. Also called right livelihood. This is a livelihood based on correct action the ethical principal of non-exploitation. The basis of an Ideal society

A

samma ajiva

39
Q

Complete or Full Effort, Energy or Vitality. Also called right effort or diligence. Consciously directing our life energy to the transformative path of creative and healing action that fosters wholeness. Conscious evolution

A

samma vayama

40
Q

Complete or Thorough Awareness. Also called “right mindfulness”. Developing awareness, “if you hold yourself dear watch yourself well”. Levels of Awareness and mindfulness – of things, oneself, feelings, thought, people and Reality

A

samma sati

41
Q

when samadhi is developed, things are understood as they really are. Wholesome concentration/meditation

A

samma samadhi

42
Q

law that every cause has an effect, ie, our actions have results

A

law

43
Q

The cycle of rebirth is called __ and it is an ongoing cycle of life, death and rebirth

A

samsara

44
Q

occur in six realms of existence, namelythree good realms (heavenly, demi-god, human) and three evil realms (animal, ghosts, hellish).

A

rebirths

Philosophy (7 decks)

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