Fallacies

Question 1

clear awareness and understanding of something. It is the product of questions that allow for clear answers provided by facts.

Answer 1

knowledge

Question 2

• Our _ is comprised of ideas and beliefs that we know to be true
  Based on reality
• Observable or evident

Answer 2

Knowledge

Question 3

Positions or statements which are observed to be real or truthful
Checking will be done via experiment, observation, or by verifying the fact with a source document

Answer 3

facts

Question 4

Cannot be proven or checked
Tells what someone thinks, feels, or believes

Answer 4

opinion

Question 5

Proven by facts or sincerity
_ (science) = based on facts-as something that is observable
Kind of quality and value
Important to clarify the knowledge

Answer 5

truths

Question 6

• Claims, evidence and experiences is scrutinized and analyzed
• Helps determine truth
• Nothing is taken as true unless there is sufficient reason and evidence to prove

Answer 6

doubt

Question 7

Belief is true if it can be justified/proven through the use of one’s senses

Answer 7

true

Question 8

A belief or statement is true if it is based on facts

Answer 8

true

Question 9

Getting a consensus or having people agree on a common belief. This is getting everyone to agree on something with nobody opposing or against on that statement

Answer 9

true

Question 10

A statement is true if there are official documents or supporting facts

Answer 10

true

Question 11

Statements can also be true through actions statement is true if it is subjected to tests to determine the truth

Answer 11

true

Question 12

shows factual information regarding your birth. Since it is issued by an institution the documents are truthful
Person may be contained wrong information or typographical error

Answer 12

birth certificate

Question 13

Series of statements that provide reasons to convince the reader or listener
Number of _ are based on faulty reasonings

Answer 13

arguments

Question 14

Mistake of misunderstanding in logic that fails to support the argument

Answer 14

fallacy

Question 15

Attacking the person instead of the argument itself

Answer 15

ad hominem

Question 16

Appeal to force
Using the threat of force or an undesirable event to advance an argument

Answer 16

argumentum ad baculum

Question 17

Appeal to emotion
Using emotions such as pity and sympathy

Answer 17

argumentum ad misericordiam

Question 18

Appeal to Popularity or Bandwagon.
The idea is presented as acceptable because a lot of people accept it

Answer 18

argumentum ad popolum

Question 19

Appeal to authority
Misusing man’s authority

Answer 19

argumentum ad verecundiam

Question 20

Assuming that what is true of a part is the truth for the whole

Answer 20

fallacy of composition

Question 21

Assuming that what is true of a whole is the truth for the part

Answer 21

fallacy of division

Question 22

Generalized is reached too hastily
There are too few instances or evidences to support a conclusion

Answer 22

hasty generalization

Question 23

Assuming a case and effect relationship between unrelated events

Answer 23

POST HOC (false cause)

Question 24

Circular reasoning. Occurs when the conclusion of an argument is assumed in the phrasing of the question itself

Answer 24

begging the question

Question 25

The personal views of the person presenting it. They are not necessarily errors in reasoning, but refer to tendencies or influences which affect the views of people

Answer 25

bias

Question 26

Attribute effect. Tendency to judge a person’s personality by his/her actions without regard for external factors or situations.

Answer 26

correspondence bias

Question 27

Tendency to look for a readily accepted information which fits one’s own beliefs or views that go against it

Answer 27

confirmation bias

Question 28

A person or group is connected to or has vested interest in the issue

Answer 28

conflict of interest

Question 29

Analyzing an event or issue based on one’s cultural standards

Answer 29

cultural bias

Question 30

Tendency of people to react differently to a particular choice depending on how it is presented or framed

Answer 30

framing

Question 31

Knew-it-all-along phenomenon After an event occurs, we feel we already what was going to happen

Answer 31

hindsight