lesson 3/4; energy transformations Flashcards
mechanical energy
Mechanical energy is the energy of motion and position of an object or system. It can be divided into two types: kinetic energy (energy of motion) and potential energy (energy of position or stored energy). Mechanical energy is conserved in a system with no external forces or friction, meaning it can be transferred between objects or forms but not created or destroyed. Examples of mechanical energy are everywhere in our daily life, such as a car driving, a ball bouncing, a pendulum swinging, or a windmill spinning. Mechanical energy can also be used to generate other forms of energy, such as electricity, heat, or sound, by using machines like turbines, engines, or generators.
electrical energy
Electrical energy is the ability to perform work. It is caused by moving electric charges (electrons) and can be both potential and kinetic energy. Here are some examples of electrical energy. Examples include, electric eels, wall currents used to power devices and air pods.
THERMAL ENERGY
Electrical energy is the ability to perform work. It is caused by moving electric charges (electrons) and can be both potential and kinetic energy. Here are some examples of electrical energy: The warmth from the sun, cup of hot chocolate, baking in an oven, stove, microwave oven, toaster, and heater, glass of water transferring thermal energy to an ice floating on it
CHEMICAL ENERGY
Chemical energy is the energy stored in the bonds of atoms and molecules that can be released by chemical reactions. It is a type of kinetic energy that can produce heat, light, sound, or electricity when the bonds are broken or formed. Some common examples of chemical energy are coal, wood, petroleum, batteries, food, and fireworks. Coal, wood, and petroleum are fossil fuels that contain carbon and hydrogen bonds that release heat and light when burned. Batteries have two terminals, an anode and a cathode, which are connected by an electrolyte that allows the flow of electrons and creates electricity.
SOUND ENERGY
Sound energy is the physical vibration waves that travel through the air to reach the ears. It is characterized by measurable properties such as frequency, amplitude, and duration. Here are some examples of sound energy: sonar, music, speech, environmental noise.
light energy
Light energy is a form of kinetic energy that allows us to see visible light. Here are some examples of light energy:
- Electric bulbs emit light due to the heating of their filaments by electrical energy.
- Visible light from the sun, lanterns, flashlights, and light bulbs.
- Infrared light, which produces heat.
- Photosynthesis, where light energy is transformed into chemical energy by autotrophs.
POTENTIAL ENERGY
potential energy is stored energy held by an object because of a relative position, electric charge, or internal stress. For example, a raised object, stretched spring, battery, dynamite, or a bow drawn.
energy transfer
Energy transfer is the change of energy from one form to another. To carry or move across energy, for example kinetic energy passes from a tennis racket to the ball as it is hit.
