lesson 3 Flashcards
what are the process of management?
- Planning and Decision making
- Organizing
- Staffing
- Leading/Directing
- Controlling/Monitoring
It is a process of formulating objectives and determining the steps which will be employed in obtaining them?
planning
No modern healthcare organization can be effective without an overall plan of action.
planning
The essence of effective planning is a sense of __________
preparedness
A methodical process whereby an organization defines its mission, identifies directions, develops a unified approach, prioritizes long and short-term goals, assigns accountabilities, and allocates financial resources.
strategic planning
it helps the organization develop an action-oriented approach and identify the pieces needed to build a successful laboratory operation
strategic planning
Good strategic planning is a _______
structured process
what are the strategic planning process
- Select a planning group
- Environmental analysis
- SWOT analysis
- Vision and Mission Statement
- Goals and Strategies
- Prioritization
- Accountabilities
- Measure success (Metrics)
- Review progress and make updates on a regular basis
A process that involves assessing the impact of internal and external factors on an organization, project, or ecosystem.
environmental analysis
When decisions are made within a realistic framework, it ensures that expectations are achievable, and success is possible
environmental analysis
It is critical for a manager to be aware of the changes that are constantly occurring in the operational environment
environmental analysis
Example of Professional Affiliated Organization
- The American Society of Clinical Pathology (ASCP)
- The Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)
- Philippine Association of Medical Technologist (PAMET)
- Philippine Society of Medical Technology Students(PHISMET)
- Philippine Association of Schools of Medical Technology and Public Health (PASMETH)
What is the meaning of ASCP
The American Society of Clinical Pathology
What is the meaning of CLSI
The Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute
What is the meaning of PAMET
Philippine Association of Medical Technologist
What is the meaning of PHISMET
Philippine Society of Medical Technology Students
What is the meaning of PASMETH
Philippine Association of School of Medical Technology and Public Health
What are the data needed for environmental analysis
- Financial information
- Capital equipment inventories
- Personnel data
- Laboratory-specific performance data
it is a necessary component of an environmental analysis is the careful consideration of the laboratory’s strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats
SWOT analysis
The modern healthcare organization must appraise its strengths and weaknesses so that it can determine its future opportunities and environmental threats.
SWOT analysis
It is part of the SWOT analysis which answers the question, What resources can we deploy?
Strengths
It is part of the SWOT analysis which answers the question, What are our advantages?
Strengths
It is part of the SWOT analysis which answers the question, What’s working well?
Strengths
It is part of the SWOT analysis which answers the question, Who might most value our strengths?
Opportunities
It is part of the SWOT analysis which answers the question, What trends work in our favour?
Opportunities
It is part of the SWOT analysis which answers the question, What prizes are within reach?
Opportunities
It is part of the SWOT analysis which answers the question, What abilities are we lacking?
Weaknesses
It is part of the SWOT analysis which answers the question, Where are we starting to struggle?
Weaknesses
It is part of the SWOT analysis which answers the question, How can we overcome these?
Weaknesses
It is part of the SWOT analysis which answers the question, What headwinds do we face?
Threats
It is part of the SWOT analysis which answers the question, Who might challenge us?
Threats
It is part of the SWOT analysis which answers the question, What could go wrong?
Threats
The act of choosing one alternative from among a set of alternatives
decision-making
Inherent in this definition is an awareness that a decision needs to be made, that alternatives need to be developed and considered, and that one “best” alternative is chosen and implemented
decision-making
What are the types of decisions based on repetitiveness
- Programmed
- Unprogrammed
What are the types of decisions based on means to achieve a goal
- Strategic
- Tactical
Categories under tactical decision
- Administrative
- Operational
Decisions that are routine and repetitive in nature
Programmed decision
Guided by rules, policies, and procedures
Programmed decision
For example, the decision to reorder supplies and reagents for the laboratory is a programmed decision
Programmed decision
Are relatively unstructured, in part because they occur infrequently
Unprogrammed decision
Situations that have never arisen exactly like the present or are very complex usually do not have procedures to guide the decision-making process
Unprogrammed decision
Require intuition, creativity, and a tolerance for ambiguity
Unprogrammed decision
Concerned with an organization’s relationships with the external environment, the choice of a competitive posture, and the formulation of major policies
strategic decision
The goal is to arrive at the best plan for the organization, given operational, economic, logistical, and political constraints
strategic decision
Examples include mergers, expansions into new markets, and offsite testing facilities
strategic decision
Tactics or steps for implementing the organizational strategy
Tactical decision
deal with authority, responsibility, and accountability relationships
administrative decision
handle the routine, day-to-day problems in accomplishing work
operational decision
The process of structuring activities, materials, and personnel for accomplishing predetermined objectives
organizing
One of the most important functions of a manager is to organize the activities of the laboratory in such a way that use of time is carefully considered so that effort is minimized while output is maximized
organizing
In organizing, _____ should be approached as an ongoing process, since testing, technology, and staffing are all dynamic
Organization
what are the components of organization
- Organizational Chart
- Time Management
- Policies
- Procedures
- Workflow
- Staffing
Is the method by which work flows through an organization
organization structure
It allows groups to work together within their individual functions to manage tasks
organization structure
A diagram that visually conveys an organization’s internal structure
organizational chart
It helps to clarify workflow, reporting lines, and areas of responsibility by explicitly listing delineated work areas, be it by division, laboratory, or medical specialty
organizational chart
Empowerment of an individual to make commitments and act on behalf of the firm
authority
To decide how resources will be used, how rewards and punishments will be implemented and ensure that organizational goals are attained
authority
types of authority
- Line Authority
- Staff Authority
- Functional authority (aka limited line authority)
Supervisory responsibility assigned through formal delegation of authority
line authority
Flows down the chain of command
line authority
Influence exerted through the control of support services such as human resource management, cashier, accounting offices
staff authority
Provide recommendations to the manager in order to set institutional policies
staff authority
Gives a staff person power over a particular function; designated by top management
functional authority aka limited line authority
A time management system allows a manager to:
- Minimize time wasted on nonproductive issues
- Be prepared for meetings
- Be aware of existing commitments
- Understand the capacity to take on new assignments and when to say “no”
- Plan each day’s work efficiently and effectively
- Make certain that no project (large or small) is neglected
these are the “laws” of the laboratory
policies
Every laboratory should have open, accessible, and easily understood set of _____ that must be made known to each
policies
That employees be required to read and understand those policies that are applicable to them
policies and procedures
Is a written, sequential course of action to be taken to achieve a desired outcome
Standard Operating Procedures
Must be present in the laboratory
Standard Operating Procedures
Must be used when training new employees and as reference when performing laboratory tests and procedures.
Standard Operating Procedures
Both Laboratory policies and SOP must be constantly reviewed.
Standard Operating Procedures
Outdated policies should be updated or replaced as appropriate
Standard Operating Procedures
Organizing tasks in a particular way to accomplish a specified result
workflow
These processes are logically sequential, and they are accomplished in such a way that one process or step must be completed before the next can begin
workflow
its analysis within a laboratory often identifies inefficiencies that can be corrected, resulting in a more productive process
workflow
Is the process of recruiting employees and evaluating their skills, experience, and knowledge to fill vacant positions with the right talent
staffing
As regards to the process of staffing, the functions of the manager are:
- Assign individuals to respective positions
- Assess required competencies through determination of competencies and qualifications
- Recruit qualified personnel
- Improve existing services and programs
As regards to the process of staffing, how does a manager improve existing services and programs
by:
1. reviewing and adjusting the requirements accordingly
2. matching the competency requirements vis-a-avis the responsible personnel assigned to the activity
What are the steps in staffing?
- Manpower planning and job analysis
- Recruitment
- Selection
- Orientation and placement
- Remuneration
- Training
- Performance evaluation
- Development
- Appraisal
- Promotion
- Transfer
