Lesson 3 Flashcards
Evaluating Messages and/or images of different types of texts reflecting different cultures.
Factors to consider:
> Linguistic Landscapes
Geosemiotics
Kinds of Signs
Online Landscapes
is the “Displayed Language” in a particular space eg Advertisements. billboards, and other signs (Carr, 2019)
Linguistic Landscapes
is the study of “Social Meaning” of the material placements of signs and discourses and of our actions in the material world (Mooney & Evans 2015)
Geosemiotics
PRINCIPLES
Indexicality
Dialogicality
Selection
Meaning was given to a sign by a place the sign was put in.
Indexicality
Signs have double meaning, and they correspond to each other.
Dialogicality
One does not see all signs.
Selection
Kinds of Signs
-there are different kinds of signs
☑ Regulatory
☑ Infrastructural
☑ Commercial
☑Transgressive
It indicates authority and is legal or official prohibitions
Regulatory
It labels things or directs for the maintenance of a building or any
Infrastructural
Advertises that promotes a product, and event, or service in commerce.
Commercial
Unsanctions urban text. It violates (intentionally or accidentally the conventional semiotics or in a wrong place.
Transgressive
The more we delve into social media, the more we expand our cultural perspectives.
Online Landscapes
Evaluate the message
• All media messages are “constructed”.
• Media have embedded values and points of view.
•Each person interprets messages differently.
• Media have commercial, ideological or political interests.
•Media messages are constructed using a creative language having its own rules.
•All media messages are “constructed”.
- What is the message of the text?
- How effectively does it represent reality?
- How is the message constructed?
•Media have embedded values and points of view.
- What lifestyle, values and points of view are represented in the text?
- Who or what is missing?
•Each person interprets messages differently.
- What message do you perceive from the text?
- How might others understand it differently? Why?
•Media have commercial, ideological or political interests.
- What is the purpose of the text?
- Who is the target audience of the text?
- Who might be disadvantaged?
- Who created the text and why?
•Media messages are constructed using a creative language having its own rules.
- What techniques are used and why?
- How effective are the techniques in supporting the messages or themes of the text?
- What are other ways of presenting the message?
It is a decision that later turns out to be wrong. You might feel that you made a wrong choice if you are not satisfied with the outcome of the decision.
MISTAKE
Is more formal word. and is generally used when the chosen action is compared to a set of rules. The action is considered to be wrong if it is different to the rules.
ERROR
• Is the study of words, how they are used in sentences, and how they change in different situation.
•The study of sentence structure.
• Rules and examples shown how the language should be used.
•The system which people learn as they grow up.
Grammar
• The principal method of human communication, consisting of words used in a structured and conventional way and conveyed by speech, writing, or gesture.
Language
• Approach to grammar the use of language by native to non- native speakers without reference to proposed norms of correctness or advocacy of rules based on norms.
• Takes the principle that the language usage can vary according to varied speakers. Thus it does not considered what is ‘correct’.
•Rules are made according to the daily usage of the language by the speaker.
Descriptive Grammar
• Approached to grammar that is concerned with establishing norms of correct and incorrect usage and formulating rules based on these norms to be followed by users of the language.
• Takes the principle that the long existed grammar rules created by the native speakers are the ‘correct’ and variation are ‘incorrect’
•These are specified and standard set of grammar rules
Prescriptive Grammar
•consisting of multiple letters, symbols or sentences
•written or printed work
•A group of words or a book (short for text book)
•The content of a message formatted with alphabets/words of any languages good enough to share a piece of information, in your context
• is any written material
TEXT
•The act of composing and sending electronic messages, typically consisting of alphabetic and numeric characters, between two or more users of mobile devices, desktops/laptops, or other type of compatible computer
•Messages may be sent over a cellular network, or may also be sent via an Internet connection
TEXTING
•a communication in writing, in speech, or by signals and symbols
• may be delivered by various means, including courier, telegraphy, carrier pigeon and electronic bus
• a piece of information or a request that you send to someone or leave for them when you cannot speak to them directly
MESSAGE
The study of signs and symbols, and their use or interpretation
SEMIOTICS
A French linguist that was one of the first to produce a semiotic theory during work in the early 1900’s. He stated that a sign is made up of two parts, the SIGNIFIER and the SIGNIFIED.
FERDINAND de Sassure (1857-1913)
A American philosopher that also formulated a semiotic theory around the same time as Sassure, the early 1900’s. He stated semiotics to be the relationship between a SYMBOL, ICON and an INDEX.
CHARLES SANDES PEIRCE (1839-1914)
A successful, understandable form of communication
SIGN
Physical forms of a sign used to convey meaning such as sounds, images or letters, or any materials that signifies.
Signifier
It is personal interpretation of a signifier or the concept that a signifier refers to, the meaning it conveys.
Signified
Three Forms Of The Signifiers
•Icon
•Symbol
•Index
A physical resemblance to the object map, sound or picture.
Icon
No physical resemblance such as toilet door, brand or warning sign.
Symbol
The physical connection between a signifier and the signified. It means that the signifier cannot exist without the physical presence of the signified.
Index
Two Components of the Signified
Denotation
Connotation
Literal meaning of sign.
Denotation
Meaning to the individual
Connotation
A method which communication researchers to describe and interpret the characteristics of a recorded or visual message.
Text Analysis
A diverse array of media technologies that reaches a large audience via mass communication.
Mass Media
The distribution of information via large scale to a wide range of people
Mass Communication
it combines two or more semiotic system. Linguistic: vocabulary, structure, grammar of oral/written language. Visual: color, vectors and viewpoint in still and moving images.
Multimodal Texts
such as books, comics, posters.
*A multimodal text can be paper
From slide presentations, e-books, e-poster, web pages, and social media, through to animation, film and video games.
•A multimodal text can be digital
a performance or an event.
•A multimodal text can be live
Semiotic System are:
Linguistic or Textual System
Visual System
Audio System
Gestural System
Spatial System
comprising aspects, such as vocabulary, generic structure, and the grammar of oral and written language.
Linguistic or Textual System
consisting of aspects, such as color’s, vectors, and viewpoint in still and moving images.
Visual System
with aspects like volume, pitch and rhythm of music and sound effects.
Audio System
Including aspects, such as movement, speed. and stillness in facial expression and body language
Gestural System
Covering aspects, like proximity, direction position of lay out, and organization of objects in space
Spatial System
Types of Multimodal text
Paper
Digital
Live
Transmedia
This includes books, comics, flyers for business, and picture books where each book shows combination and arrangement of both textual and visual elements.
PAPER
This includes blogs, videos, social media, slide presentations, and webpages that combine elements of sound effects, oral and written language, music and still or moving images.
DIGITAL
This includes performances, acts, and even ballet or dance whose elements are gesture, music, and movement in space.
LIVE
These include the use of various platforms in storytelling involving the audience. The use of additional material in story telling combined with digital platforms enable a more participative story telling experience that may be used in entertainment, in advertising or business and for social change.
TRANSMEDIA
