Lesson 3 Flashcards by Stephanie Launico

Evaluating Messages and/or images of different types of texts reflecting different cultures.
Factors to consider:

> Linguistic Landscapes
Geosemiotics
Kinds of Signs
Online Landscapes

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is the “Displayed Language” in a particular space eg Advertisements. billboards, and other signs (Carr, 2019)

Linguistic Landscapes

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is the study of “Social Meaning” of the material placements of signs and discourses and of our actions in the material world (Mooney & Evans 2015)

Geosemiotics

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PRINCIPLES

Indexicality
Dialogicality
Selection

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Meaning was given to a sign by a place the sign was put in.

Indexicality

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Signs have double meaning, and they correspond to each other.

Dialogicality

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One does not see all signs.

Selection

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Kinds of Signs
-there are different kinds of signs

☑ Regulatory
☑ Infrastructural
☑ Commercial
☑Transgressive

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It indicates authority and is legal or official prohibitions

Regulatory

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It labels things or directs for the maintenance of a building or any

Infrastructural

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Advertises that promotes a product, and event, or service in commerce.

Commercial

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Unsanctions urban text. It violates (intentionally or accidentally the conventional semiotics or in a wrong place.

Transgressive

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The more we delve into social media, the more we expand our cultural perspectives.

Online Landscapes

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Evaluate the message

• All media messages are “constructed”.
• Media have embedded values and points of view.
•Each person interprets messages differently.
• Media have commercial, ideological or political interests.
•Media messages are constructed using a creative language having its own rules.

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•All media messages are “constructed”.

What is the message of the text?
How effectively does it represent reality?
How is the message constructed?

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•Media have embedded values and points of view.

What lifestyle, values and points of view are represented in the text?
Who or what is missing?

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•Each person interprets messages differently.

What message do you perceive from the text?
How might others understand it differently? Why?

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•Media have commercial, ideological or political interests.

What is the purpose of the text?
Who is the target audience of the text?
Who might be disadvantaged?
Who created the text and why?

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•Media messages are constructed using a creative language having its own rules.

What techniques are used and why?
How effective are the techniques in supporting the messages or themes of the text?
What are other ways of presenting the message?

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It is a decision that later turns out to be wrong. You might feel that you made a wrong choice if you are not satisfied with the outcome of the decision.

MISTAKE

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Is more formal word. and is generally used when the chosen action is compared to a set of rules. The action is considered to be wrong if it is different to the rules.

ERROR

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• Is the study of words, how they are used in sentences, and how they change in different situation.
•The study of sentence structure.
• Rules and examples shown how the language should be used.
•The system which people learn as they grow up.

Grammar

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• The principal method of human communication, consisting of words used in a structured and conventional way and conveyed by speech, writing, or gesture.

Language

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• Approach to grammar the use of language by native to non- native speakers without reference to proposed norms of correctness or advocacy of rules based on norms.
• Takes the principle that the language usage can vary according to varied speakers. Thus it does not considered what is ‘correct’.
•Rules are made according to the daily usage of the language by the speaker.

Descriptive Grammar

• Approached to grammar that is concerned with establishing norms of correct and incorrect usage and formulating rules based on these norms to be followed by users of the language. • Takes the principle that the long existed grammar rules created by the native speakers are the 'correct' and variation are 'incorrect' •These are specified and standard set of grammar rules

Prescriptive Grammar

•consisting of multiple letters, symbols or sentences •written or printed work •A group of words or a book (short for text book) •The content of a message formatted with alphabets/words of any languages good enough to share a piece of information, in your context • is any written material

TEXT

•The act of composing and sending electronic messages, typically consisting of alphabetic and numeric characters, between two or more users of mobile devices, desktops/laptops, or other type of compatible computer •Messages may be sent over a cellular network, or may also be sent via an Internet connection

TEXTING

•a communication in writing, in speech, or by signals and symbols • may be delivered by various means, including courier, telegraphy, carrier pigeon and electronic bus • a piece of information or a request that you send to someone or leave for them when you cannot speak to them directly

MESSAGE

The study of signs and symbols, and their use or interpretation

SEMIOTICS

A French linguist that was one of the first to produce a semiotic theory during work in the early 1900's. He stated that a sign is made up of two parts, the SIGNIFIER and the SIGNIFIED.

FERDINAND de Sassure (1857-1913)

A American philosopher that also formulated a semiotic theory around the same time as Sassure, the early 1900's. He stated semiotics to be the relationship between a SYMBOL, ICON and an INDEX.

CHARLES SANDES PEIRCE (1839-1914)

A successful, understandable form of communication

SIGN

Physical forms of a sign used to convey meaning such as sounds, images or letters, or any materials that signifies.

Signifier

It is personal interpretation of a signifier or the concept that a signifier refers to, the meaning it conveys.

Signified

Three Forms Of The Signifiers

•Icon •Symbol •Index

A physical resemblance to the object map, sound or picture.

Icon

No physical resemblance such as toilet door, brand or warning sign.

Symbol

The physical connection between a signifier and the signified. It means that the signifier cannot exist without the physical presence of the signified.

Index

Two Components of the Signified

Denotation Connotation

Literal meaning of sign.

Denotation

Meaning to the individual

Connotation

A method which communication researchers to describe and interpret the characteristics of a recorded or visual message.

Text Analysis

A diverse array of media technologies that reaches a large audience via mass communication.

Mass Media

The distribution of information via large scale to a wide range of people

Mass Communication

it combines two or more semiotic system. Linguistic: vocabulary, structure, grammar of oral/written language. Visual: color, vectors and viewpoint in still and moving images.

Multimodal Texts

such as books, comics, posters.

*A multimodal text can be paper

From slide presentations, e-books, e-poster, web pages, and social media, through to animation, film and video games.

•A multimodal text can be digital

a performance or an event.

•A multimodal text can be live

Semiotic System are:

Linguistic or Textual System Visual System Audio System Gestural System Spatial System

comprising aspects, such as vocabulary, generic structure, and the grammar of oral and written language.

Linguistic or Textual System

consisting of aspects, such as color's, vectors, and viewpoint in still and moving images.

Visual System

with aspects like volume, pitch and rhythm of music and sound effects.

Audio System

Including aspects, such as movement, speed. and stillness in facial expression and body language

Gestural System

Covering aspects, like proximity, direction position of lay out, and organization of objects in space

Spatial System

Types of Multimodal text

Paper Digital Live Transmedia

This includes books, comics, flyers for business, and picture books where each book shows combination and arrangement of both textual and visual elements.

PAPER

This includes blogs, videos, social media, slide presentations, and webpages that combine elements of sound effects, oral and written language, music and still or moving images.

DIGITAL

This includes performances, acts, and even ballet or dance whose elements are gesture, music, and movement in space.

LIVE

These include the use of various platforms in storytelling involving the audience. The use of additional material in story telling combined with digital platforms enable a more participative story telling experience that may be used in entertainment, in advertising or business and for social change.

TRANSMEDIA