Lesson 1 Flashcards
WHAT IS A SPEECH?
•the faculty or power of 1.___*; oral communication; ability to express one’s thought s and emotions by speech sounds and gesture
•a form of communication in 2.___, made by a 3.___** before an audience for a given purpose
•The expression of or the ability to express thoughts and feelings by articulate sounds
•is 4.___ through talking or a talk given to an audience
1.speaking
2.spoken language
3.speaker
4.communication
Communicating information before a large audience
Public Speaking
4 MAIN TYPES ACCORDING TO PURPOSE
• Informative Speech
•Persuasive Speech
•Demonstrative Speech
• Entertaining Speech
• This speech serves to provide interesting and useful information to your audience.
• It is intended simply to inform your audience on a certain topic.
• a speaker is explaining something to the audience, and help them to understand the topic.
•You have to remember that the whole purpose of your speech
•The audience need time to take in what you’ve just said.
•If you speak too quickly, your audience might not follow you.
Informative Speech
Informative Speech
Example:
•A teacher telling students about earthquakes
•A student talking about her research
•A travelogue about the Tower of London
•A computer programmer speaking about new software
•works to convince people to change in some way: they think, the way they do something, or to start doing something that they are not currently doing
•also related to the informative speech
• Make use of graphs and supporting documentation.
• Present some facts and figures but make sure that they’re accurate and that they support your point of view.
• Try to make it personal (in a positive way) to your listeners.
Persuasive Speech
Persuasive Speech
Example:
• Become an organ donor
• Improve your health through better eating
• Television violence is negatively influencing our children
•Become a volunteer and change the world
- This has many similarities with an informative speech. Also teaches you something. The main difference lies in including a demonstration of how to do the thing you’re teaching.
- To develop skills in expository speaking with emphasis on skill in exhibiting a process using objects or physical activity.
- A explains how to do something or how something works. Objects or physical activity by the demonstrator must be exhibited. Visual aides (charts, graphs, maps, pictures, etc.) are optional and may be used to enhance the demonstration but are not to take the place of objects or activity. The speech must be instructive and present valuable and significant information.
- The speech must be original by the participant.
- Objects or physical activity by the demonstrator must be exhibited.
- One other person, and only one, may be used to assist the demonstrator by serving as the object of demonstration or by helping to set up, strike, or handle equipment.
- It is permissible for the aide to be both an object of demonstration and to help with equipment.
Demonstrative Speech
Demonstrative Speech
Example:
• How to start your own blog
• How to bake a cake
• How to write a speech
• How to keep a healthy puppy
• Giving the audience an enjoyable experience
• To amuse through humors, stories, or illustrations
• Leave the audience with a favorable impression not only of himself or organization herself. but also of the
• The after -dinner speech is a typical. The speaker provides pleasure and enjoyment that make the audience laugh or identify with anecdotal information.
• The speech still must make a valid point or argument, but it can be done through humor
Entertaining Speech
Entertaining Speech Example:
• Excuses for any occasion
• Things you wouldn’t know without the movies
•Watching stand-up comedians
4 MAIN TYPES ACCORDING TO DELIVERY
• Impromptu Speech
• Extemporaneous Speech
•Speaking from a Manuscript
•Speaking from Memory
•It is the presentation of a short message without advance preparation. often occur when someone is asked to “say a few words” or give a toast on a special occasion.
•advantage of this kind of speaking is that it’s spontaneous and responsive
•disadvantage is that the speaker is given little or no time to contemplate the central theme
•generally most successful when they are brief and focus on a single point.
IMPROMPTU SPEAKING
•Is the presentation of a carefully planned and rehearsed speech, spoken in a conversational manner using brief notes.
•By using notes rather than a manuscript, speaker establish and maintain eye contact with the audience
•will be perceived as knowledgeable and credible.
disadvantage of speaking is that it requires a great deal of preparation for both the verbal and the nonverbal components of the speech.
EXTEMPORANEOUS SPEAKING
• is the word-for-word iteration of a written message. The speaker maintains his or her attention on the printed page except when using visual aids.
•advantage to reading from a ___ is the exact repetition of original words.
SPEAKING FROM A MANUSCRIPT
is the rote recitation of a written message that the speaker has committed to memory.
*The advantage to memorization is that it enables the speaker to maintain eye contact with the audience throughout the speech.
SPEAKING FROM MEMORY
2 MAIN TYPES ACCORDING TO OCCASION
•Ceremonial Speech
• Inspirational Speech
are speeches given during a ritual marked by observance of formality or etiquette. These tend to be very special for people, so surprising it shouldn’t be that they are opportunities for speech making.
CEREMONIAL SPEAKING
which is a mini speech given by the host of a ceremony that introduces another speaker and his or her speech.
Speeches of Introduction
Is a brief speech given to accompany a prize or honor.
Speeches of Presentation
is delivered when a new store opens, a building is named after someone, a plaque is placed on a wall, a new library is completed, and so on.
Speeches of Dedication
A speech designed to congratulate, appreciate, or remember.
Toasts
Is a very interesting and peculiar speech because it is designed to both praise and good-naturedly insult a person being honored.
Roasts
Is speech given a in honor of someone who has died.
Eulogies
allows someone to say good-bye to one part of his or her life as he or she is moving on to the next part of life.
Speeches of Farewell
Ceremonial speaking different kind:
A. Speeches of Introduction
B. Speeches of Presentation
C. Speeches of Dedication
D. Toasts
E. Roasts
F. Eulogies
G. Speeches of Farewell
The goal is to elicit or arouse an emotional state within an audience.
INSPIRATIONAL SPEAKING
is an intangible asset that is made up of the favor or reputation of an individual or organization.
Speeches to Ensure Goodwill
The speaker is speaking to enhance one’s own image or the image of his or her organization.
You can almost think of these speeches as cheerleading speeches because the ultimate goal is to get people to like the speaker and what he or she represents.
Speeches for Public Relations
The second common speech of which is given when someone attempts to defend why certain actions were taken or will be taken.
Speeches for Justification
These speeches have become more and more commonplace. Every time we turn around, a politician, professional athlete, musician, or actor/actress is doing something reprehensible and getting caught.
Speeches of Apology
Speeches to ensure goodwill different type:
- Speeches for Public Relations
- Speeches for Justification
- Speeches of Apology
The second type of inspirational speech which is designed to recognize and celebrate the achievements of a graduating class or other group of people.
Speeches for Commencements
