Lesson 2B

Question 1

What does the physiology of blood describe

Answer 1

The areas of vascular control regarding blood flow, the pumps that occur in circulation and how they affect venous dynamics and the types of energy that are present in the vascular system

Question 2

What are the 5 pumps in the circulation

Answer 2

The heart 
The aortic pump 
The muscular venous pump 
The respiratory pump 
Gravity

Question 3

WHAT IS THE PRINCIPAL FORCE BEHIND BLOOD FLOW

Answer 3

Pumping of the heart

Question 4

WHAT IS THE PRIMARY PUMP

Answer 4

The heart

Question 5

Does the venous system still get assistance from the pump of the heart?

Answer 5

Yes, there is a residual forse secondary to the cardiac contraction

Question 6

a partial ______ exists in the right atrium during the right ventricular filling phase . This does what?

Answer 6

Vaccum

This serves to suck venous blood flow from the IVC into the right atrium

Question 7

the aorta acts as a ________ pump

Answer 7

Subsidiary

Question 8

Much of the energy resulting from the cardiac contraction must be _____. This is because

Answer 8

Stored

Because of the hold up of blood flow that occurs in the capillary bed

Question 9

The aorta and other elastic arteries near the heart serve to store excess contraction energy by

Answer 9

Stretching with each systole

Question 10

The stretching of the aorta during peak systole allows aorta to act as a

Answer 10

Reservoir, storing much of the blood expelled by the heart

Question 11

What happens during systole to the energy stored in the arterial walls

Answer 11

It dissipates the large volume of blood stored in the aorta by forcing blood forward in the aorta

Question 12

We see increase in blood pressure whe n

Answer 12

Arteries can no longer stretch due to atherosclerosis, age or diabetes

Question 13

The pump of the venous system is

Answer 13

The muscular venous pump

Question 14

What is the pressure in the venules

Answer 14

16mm/Hg

Question 15

What is the pressure in the great veins near the heart

Answer 15

4mm/Hg

Question 16

The pressure gradient in the venous system is enough to

Answer 16

Ensure the venous return at rest in a supine patient

Question 17

What does the muscular pump do?

Answer 17

It squeezes the veins to propel blood

Needed in a erect position

Question 18

Where is the muscular venous pump most effective

Answer 18

In the lower legs with the powerful thigh and calf muscles can compress the soleous and gastrocnemius sinusoids

Question 19

Where are the one way venous valves most common

Answer 19

Lower extremities/ further away from the heart

Question 20

Where is respiratory pump useful

Answer 20

Assisting venous return to the heart

Question 21

Variation in thoracic and abdominal pressure occur with ____ motion

Answer 21

Diaphragm

Question 22

Pressure in the thorax is always lower than

Answer 22

Atmospheric pressure

Question 23

The suction action in the thorax tends to pull blood

Answer 23

Towards the chest

Question 24

Inspiration causes an _____ in abdominal pressure and _______ thoracic pressure

Answer 24

Increase and decrease

Question 25

Inspiration causes reduced flow in _____ and increase venouc flow in _______

Answer 25

The abdomen

The chest

Question 26

Venous flow in the upper extremities is ______ to flow in the lower extremities during each phase of respiration

Answer 26

Opposite

Question 27

In the upper extremities where does gravity aid in venous return

Answer 27

From the head and neck and any body part placed higher than the heart