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Cross Sectional Anatomy > Lesson 2A: Boundary Muscles > Flashcards

Lesson 2A: Boundary Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Which artery is tortuous?

A

Splenic–follows the superior border of the pancreas.

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2
Q

Splenic vein goes to the _______:

A

Behind pancreas to spleen. Attaches to the SMV to create Hepatic portal vein

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3
Q

Which ones are more anterior Renal vein or renal artery?

A

Vein

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4
Q

Is the left renal vein longer or shorter than the left renal artery?

A

Longer

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5
Q

Tributaries

A

Compare to river. Smaller vein that contributes to a larger vein.

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6
Q

Left gonadal vein is a tributary of:

suprarenal also contributes

A

Left renal vein

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7
Q

IMV comes from:

A

Bowel: Descending colon, sigmoid rectum, and transverse colon.

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8
Q

What are crus?

A

Tendons of the diaphragm that extend down to the upper lumbar vertebrae, bilaterally.

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9
Q

What are the 3 structures that pass through the openings from the thoracic cavity into the AO?

A

Aorta (T12)
IVC (T8)
Esophagus (T10)

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10
Q

Which of those 3 structures that pass from diaphragm to AO are most superior?

A

IVC

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11
Q

What are the boundaries of the abdominal cavity?

A

Superiorly (diaphragm) Inferiorly (pelvic brim) Anteriorly (skin & muscles) Posteriorly (spine & muscles)
Laterally (skin & muscles)

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12
Q

What is the linea terminalis?

A

It is the line from the sacral promontory following the arcuate line. Like you have a dinner plate and you covered the hole in the pelvis.

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13
Q

What is the division between abdominal and pelvic cavities?

A

Linea Terminalis

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14
Q

What are the horizontal lines and there lumbar levels?

A 
Transpyloric (Mid L1)
Subcostal (Mid L3)
Transumbilical (B/w L3 and L4)
Interiliac (Lower L4)
Transtubercular (Mid L5)
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15
Q

What are the vertical lines and their placement?

A 
Medial line- midsagittal plane
Midclavicular Lines (rt/lt) Courses through nipple.
Anterior axillary line
Midaxillary line
Posterior axillary line
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16
Q

How many abdominal regions are there?

A

9

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17
Q

What are the 9 regions of the abdomen?

A 
Rt. hypochondriac 
Epigastric
Lt hypogastric
Rt. lumbar
Umbilical 
Lt. lumbar
Rt. iliac 
Hypogastric
Lt. iliac
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18
Q

There are 4 quadrants, what are they?

A

RUQ, LUQ, RLQ, LLQ

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19
Q

Where do the lines intersect with the quadrants? The regions?

A

Umbilicus. Midclavical and subcostal line (the first line)

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20
Q

How many core muscles does one have? What are they?

A 
External oblique
Internal oblique
Transverse abdominus
Rectus abdominus 
Psoas major
Quadratus Lumborum 
Erector spinae
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21
Q

The ____________ is the outermost layer of the abdominal muscles:

A

External oblique

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22
Q

External oblique muscle:

A

Originates from the ribs, inserts on the anterior side of the rectus abdominus aponeurosis, iliac crest and pubic tubercle.

23
Q

The inferior part of the external oblique muscle forms the _______________.

A

Inguinal Ligament

24
Q

Tendons connect _______ to _______.

A

Muscle, bone.

25
Q

Ligaments connect _______ to _____.

A

Bone, bone

26
Q

Inguinal and iliac are interchangeable words T | F

A

True

27
Q

What is the halfway point between pubis symphysis and ASIS? (Ant. Sup. Iliac Spine=ASIS)

A

Mid-inguinal point

28
Q

What artery is with the mid-inguinal point?

A

Femoral

29
Q

What is aponeurosis?

A

Layers of broad, flat tendons. It joins muscles and the body parts the muscles act upon.

30
Q

What abdominal region has one of the thickest aponeuroses?

A

Ventral

31
Q

Internal Oblique Muscle:

A

The middle layer, originates from the iliac crest to inferior borders of the ribs and the aponeurosis on the lateral portion of the rectus abdominus muscle.

32
Q

How does the internal oblique muscle lay?

A

Extends upwards and medially. Perpendicular to the external oblique muscle.

33
Q

Transverse Abdominus Muscle:

A

Innermost layer of the flat abdominal muscles. It originates from the costal margin, lumbar fasica, and anterior 2/3rds of iliac crest & lateral half of inguinal ligament. Inserts on aponeurosis of the posterior rectus sheath.

34
Q

On transverse abdominal muscles, fibres are vertical. T | F

A

False

35
Q

Rectus Abdominus Muscles:

A

Anteriorly on each side of linea alba. Extends from xiphoid process of the sternum to the symphysis pubic. It is enclosed in a sheath of the aponeuroses of the 3 lateral muscles.

36
Q

The linea alba runs from the ________ to the __________.

A

Xiphoid process, pubic symphysis

37
Q

Psoas Muscles:

A

Pass along anterior to the iliac crest of the pelvis and inserts on the lesser trochanter of the femur.

38
Q

Quadratus Lumborum

A

Thick muscular sheet, and ascends to insert on the inferior border of the 12th rib.

39
Q

The psoas muscle is long and thin. T | F

A

False

40
Q

In the transverse section, the Q.L appears lateral and posterior to the psoas muscles. T | F

A

True

41
Q

What muscle forms the superior body of the abdominal cavity?

A

Diaphragm

42
Q

What is the name of the vertical white line that extends from the xiphoid process to the pubis symphysis?

A

Linea Alba

43
Q

The inferior border of which abdominal wall forms the inguinal ligament?

A

External oblique

44
Q

What is the most medial muscle of the posterior abdominal wall?

A

Psoas Muscle

45
Q

Which abdominal region is the spleen located

A

Lt. hypogastric

46
Q

What vertebral level does the transpyloric plane run through?

A

L1

47
Q

What structure passes through the diaphragm most posteriorly?

A

Aorta, T12.

48
Q

What is the most inferior border of the abdominal cavity?

A

Linea Terminalus–imaginary plane drawn from pubis symphysis and sacral promontory. (line is called acruate line)

49
Q

Which posterior abdominal wall muscle is the most lateral of the Psoas and QL?

A

QL

50
Q

Which anterolateral (ext/int/trans) abdominal muscle runs from the inferolateral aspect of the abdomen to the superomedial aspect?

A

Internal oblique

51
Q

What is an aponeurosis tendon?

A

Tendon sheath that is broad and flat.

52
Q

Which abdominal muscle originatess on the transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae and inserts on the lesser trochanter of the femur?

A

Psoas

53
Q

What region of the abdomen is the right femoral artery located in?

A

Rt. iliac

Cross Sectional Anatomy (5 decks)

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