Lesson 2.5: Conventional and 21st Century Literature Flashcards
Narrative work in which the story is conveyed to the reader using comic form. The term is employed in a broad manner, encompassing non-fiction works and thematically linked short stories as well as fictional stories across a number of genres.
Graphic Novels
Japanese word for comics
Manga
It is used in the English-speaking world as a generic term for all comic books and graphic novels originally published in Japan. It is considered as an artistic and storytelling style.
Manga
sometimes used to refer to comics created by American artists in manga style.
Ameri-manga
Boy’s Manga (Naruto, BLeach, One Piece)
Shonen
Girl’s Manga (Sailor Moon)
Shojo
Men’s Manga (Akira)
Seinen
Women’s Manga (Loveless, Paradise Kiss)
Josei
Children’s Manga (Doraemon, Hello Kitty)
Kodomo
uses text and pictures to present information
Graphic Novels
Graphic novels use the same format as
comic books
How do graphic novels differ from comics?
They usually contain stand-alone stories with complex plots.
Graphic novel is a ___, not a ____
format, not a genre
A graphic novel consists of:
cover and inside pages
What does the page of a graphic novel consist of?
Panels, gutters, dialog balloons, thought balloons, captions, and sound effects
squares or rectangles that contain a single scene
Panels
space between panels
Gutters
contain communication between/among characters
Dialog Balloons
contain a character’s thoughts
Thought Balloons
contain information about a scene or character
Captions
visual effect clues i.e.. Wonk! Pow!
Sound Effects
How are graphic novels read?
Left to right
How are dialogue balloons read?
Left to right or top to bottom
The basic left to right rule still applies to
Panels and Dialogue Balloons
uses the interplay of text and illustrations in a comic-strip format to tell a story.
Instead of relying on just text to construct a narrative, it uses graphical elements such as panels,
frames, speech/thought balloons, etc. in a sequential way to create and evoke a story in a reader’s
mind.
Graphic Novel
What is the difference between a graphic novel and a
comic book? (PDF)
A graphic novel is a longer, more complex piece of text that
usually covers the storyline in one book, whereas a comic book is
a lot shorter and tells the story over many issues and/or volumes.
First graphic novel believed to have been published
Adaptation of a German stage play called Lenardo and Blantine in 1783
Who illustrated Lenardo and Blantine
Joseph Franz von Goez
How many frames were there in Lenardo and Blantine
160 frames
The term “graphic novel” gained popularity in the late 1970s, and was introduced by
fan historian Richard Kyle
The world’s largest comic book collection is housed in the
Library of Congress in Washington DC in the US
the box or segment that contains the image and text
panel
the border that surrounds and contains the panel
frame
the space that lies between panels
gutter
when an image goes beyond the borders of the page
bleed
the heaviness or intensity of a line or block of shading for visual focus. The bolder the graphic weight, the greater the visual focus, making that element more salient in the scene.
graphic weight
a box or section of text that gives details on the background and setting of the scene. It sits separately to speech and thought bubbles, often at the top or bottom of the panel.
caption
this contains the dialogue spoken by different characters within a scene. It’s usually enclosed in a bubble or another shape; otherwise, can stand on its own, close to the speaker.
speech bubble
this contains the internal dialogue of a character and is usually shaped like a cloud, coming from the character’s head
thought bubble
words that give a sense of sound on the page (e.g. BANG! THUMP!).
special effects sounds
how do they heighten the impact of special effect sounds in graphic novels?
the words are either bolded or have a special graphic treatment to make it stand out
the configuration of all the elements on the page; the way in which the frame, panels, speech bubbles, etc. are arranged to tell the narrative
layout
an angle that zooms into an image, like a character’s face, to allow for closer view. This technique is sometimes employed to convey a feeling of intimacy between the reader and character, such as when a character reveals their thoughts or revelations.
close-up
a style of fictional literature of extreme brevity. there is no widely accepted definition of the length of the category.
flash fiction
how many words could flash fiction be
1-1000
- for sale: baby socks, never worn.
- longed for him. got him. shit
Six-Word Flash Fiction
for sale: baby socks, never worn.
Ernest Hemingway
longed for him. got him. shit
Margaret Atwood
a fictional work of extreme brevity that still offers character and plot development
flash fiction
subcategories of flash fiction
sudden fiction, twitterature, microfiction/drabble, six-word flash fiction
what makes flash fiction different from a short story?
- not all literary elements are present (one or more may be implied)
- half a page or less
- typically the story begins mid-curve
- starts right away with the action of the story
- surprise ending
Another name for flash fiction (1)
micro-fiction, short-shorts, sudden fiction, micro narrative, postcard fiction, smoke long, palm-sized stories, sawed-off tales
helps convey the meaning of flash fiction
poetic elements like imagery, metaphor, symbols, etc.
other names for flash fiction (2)
sudden fiction, microfiction, micro-story, short-short, postcard fiction, prosetry, and short short story
elements of flash fiction
- setting is where action takes place
- there is not room for more than two characters– three at most
- conflict is just a difference in opinion
- resolution
- surprise ending
