Lesson 24: The War in the East: 1862-1863, Fredericksburg to Gettysburg Flashcards
Emancipation
Who: Initiated by President Abraham Lincoln.
What: The act of freeing enslaved people in Confederate territories.
Why: Shifted the war’s focus to abolishing slavery and undermining the Confederacy’s labor force.
When: Proclamation issued on January 1, 1863.
How: Through the Emancipation Proclamation, which declared enslaved people in rebellious states free.
Foreign Intervention
Who: Nations like Britain and France.
What: Consideration of recognizing the Confederacy and intervening in the Civil War.
Why: Highlighted the Confederacy’s reliance on diplomatic support to offset Union advantages.
When: 1861-1863.
How: By leveraging cotton diplomacy and Confederate victories, though Union diplomatic efforts ultimately prevailed.
Battle of Chancellorsville (1863)
Who: Confederate forces under Lee and Union forces under General Joseph Hooker.
What: A major Confederate victory despite being outnumbered.
Why: Demonstrated Lee’s bold tactics but resulted in the loss of General Stonewall Jackson.
When: April 30-May 6, 1863.
How: Through Lee’s division of his forces and surprise flanking maneuvers.
Battle of Gettysburg (1863)
Who: Union forces under General George Meade and Confederate forces under Lee.
What: A turning point in the Civil War, resulting in a decisive Union victory.
Why: Halted Lee’s invasion of the North and boosted Union morale.
When: July 1-3, 1863.
How: Through Union defensive positions and repelling Pickett’s Charge on the final day.
