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INFORMATICS > LESSON 2.1 > Flashcards

LESSON 2.1 Flashcards

1
Q

The sequence of instructions developed by a software programmer is called a

A

computer program.

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2
Q

are programs that manage the resources of the computer system and simplify applications programming.

A

Systems software

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3
Q

is the software that controls the computer hardware and acts as a bridge between applications and the hardware.

A

operating system (OS)

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4
Q

Computer programs that are written by a computer manufacturer, by a software manufacturer, or by the users themselves to guide the computer to perform a specific task are called ______________.

A

applications programs

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5
Q

The number of pixels on a display

A

RESOLUTION

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5
Q

two major types of monitors

A

the cathode ray tube (CRT; almost obsolete)

the liquid crystal display (LCD; most common).

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6
Q

Measurement of how close the dots are located to one another within a pixel

May be expressed as aperture grille pitch, pixel pitch, or slot pitch, depending on the monitor maker.

A

Dot Pitch

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6
Q

Grouping of one red dot, one green dot, and one blue dot.

A

DOT TRIAD

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7
Q

Ratio of the width of the monitor to the height of the monitor

A

ASPECT RATIO

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8
Q

Measure of how fast the monitor rewrites the screen or the number of times that the image is redrawn on the display each second.

A

Refresh Rate

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9
Q

Measured diagonally from one corner of the display to the opposite corner.

A

Viewable Area

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10
Q

Consists of a cathode and anode within a vacuum tube.

The cathode boils off a cloud of electrons and then a potential difference is placed on the tube.

A

CATHODE RAY TUBE

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11
Q

Advantages OF CATHODE RAY TUBE

A

Produce a very bright image

Had a very fast refresh rate, which would reduce the possibility of blur in dynamic imaging.

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12
Q

Disadvantages OF CATHODE RAY TUBE

A

Energy consumption

Heat production,

The sheer size and weight of the monitors

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13
Q

Produces images by shining or reflecting light through a layer of liquid crystal and a series of color filters

A

LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY

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14
Q

A diode is an electronic device that allows current flow in one direction only.
An LED emits light when electrically stimulated

A

LCD - LED

15
Q

two or more objects sharing resources and information,

A

NETWORK

16
Q

Small area networked with a series of cables or wireless access points that allow computers to share information and devices on the same network.

The least expensive to install, and they are much faster than WANs because of their smaller size

A

LOCAL AREA NETWORK (LAN)

17
Q

A network that spans a large area: city, state, nation, continent, or the world
Used to connect computers that are not physically attached through conventional network cables but are rather connected through other means, such as telephone lines, satellite links, or other types of communication cable

A

Wide Area Network (WAN)

18
Q

Each computer on the network is considered equal; no computer has ultimate control over another

A

Peer-to-Peer Network

19
Q

There is a centralized computer (the server) that controls the operations, files, and sometimes the programs of the computers (the clients) attached to the network

The server provides a location for centralized storage and retrieval on the network.

A

Server-Based Network

19
Q

Similar to a server-based network in that there is a centralized computer that controls the operations of the network

Rather than sending the entire original resource to the client for processing, the server processes the resource as requested by the client and returns only the results back to the client.

A

Client-Based Network

19
Q

A computer that manages resources for other computers, servers, and networked devices

A

SERVER

20
Q

Similar telephone wire, but whereas telephone wire has only four wires, twisted-pair wire usually consists of four twisted pairs of copper wires that are insulated and bundled together with an RJ-45 termination

A

Twisted-Pair wire

20
Q

A device that is found on a network that requests services and resources from a server.
May be another computer, a printer, or any other networkable device that needs a server to complete its tasks.
Almost any personal computer (PC) can be a client, as long as it can be attached to the network

A

THIN CLIENT

20
Q

Uses glass threads to transmit data on the network.
It consists of a fiber optic core that is surrounded by a plastic protective covering.

A

Fiber Optic Cable

21
Q

No physical cabling needed, but each device must contain the appropriate wireless transmitter/receiver mobility and convenience, but these kinds of connections have a limited range

A

WIRELESS CONNECTION

21
Q

Similar to the wiring used for the cable television that is run into a house.

Consists of a center conducting wire surrounded by insulation and then a grounded shield of braided wire

A

Coaxial cable

21
Q

provides the interface between the computer and the network medium

It provides the physical connection between the network and computer works with networking software to establish and manage the data, to chop up the data into packets, and to handle addressing issues

A

Network Interface Card

22
Q

is the simplest device that can be used to connect several pieces of equipment together for network communication purposes

A

Network hub

23
Q

is the physical (geometric) layout of the connected devices on a network. There are four common topology configurations: bus, ring, star, and mesh

A

TOPOLOGY

24
Q

Is a network in which all devices are physically attached to and listen for communication on a single wire.

A

Bus Topology

24
Q

is similar to a hub, but it sends data only to those devices to which the data are directed

A

network switch

24
Q

It can recognize in which segment a particular destination address resides and send data to it

A

NETWORK BRIDGE

25
Q

A network in which the devices are connected in a circle.

Each device passes its received messages to the next node on the ring (always in the same direction), and the data transmissions move around the circle until they reach the correct receiver

A

RING TOPOLOGY

25
Q

Network that has the devices connected to a central hub or switch.

Can be thought of as a bus topology with the bus collapsed into a central box: the hub or switch

the most commonly used network topology.

A

Star Topology

26
Q

Network that has multiple pathways interconnecting devices and networks.
This type of network has redundancy built in with the multiple connections.

A

Mesh Topology

27
Q

is sometimes created so that larger networks can be segmented or broken up into smaller networks to reduce traffic within that network

A

NETWORK BRIDGE

INFORMATICS (4 decks)

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