LESSON 2: Research Instrument and Data Gathering Procedure

Question 1

This part details what kind of research instrument you are using. It also includes who made it, or where it came from, and other details relating to the data collection instrument to be used for the study. You have calculated your sample size and have decided which sampling to use. The next step is preparing your instrument: survey form or interview questionnaire.

Answer 1

Instrumentation

Question 2

types of survey/questionnaire, Researchers create their own instrument because there is no existing questionnaire from the literature that they can use for their present study. Thus, they create their own questionnaire to yield accurate data.

Answer 2

Self-made

Question 3

types of survey/questionnaire ,Researchers use existing forms/questionnaires from existing research. They make sure that the contents are related and good enough for their study. This requires researchers to ask permission from the owner of the questionnaire through email or any form of requisition,

Answer 3

Standardized

Question 4

types of survey/questionnaire ,Researchers derive from standardized and add their own content to make it suitable for the present research questions they have.

Answer 4

Modified

Question 5

A talk used to obtain information is called an interview. In a research interview, both the interviewer and the interviewee participate in the conversation and answer the interviewer’s questions. Interviews can be held in-person or over the phone.

Answer 5

Interview

Question 6

Types of Research Interview,
- open ended
- also a structured however, there is the opportunity to probe for details during questions administration (follow up questions)
- questions can be restructured to suit the interviewee and pursue unexpected trend of thoughts In a semi-structured interview, the interviewer uses a set of prepared questions and the respondents answer in their own words. Opinions from the respondents are accepted.
The interviewer can probe areas based on the respondent’s answers or ask follow up questions for clarification.A follow up question may be asked depending on the answers of the respondents.

Answer 6

Semi-structured

Question 6

Types of Research Interview,
- close-ended
- questions are specifically constructed and asked in the same words through all the respondents
- questions are well constructed before data collection exercise. In a structured interview, the interviewer asks a set of standard, predetermined questions about particular topics, in a specific order.
The respondents need to select their answers from a list of options. The interviewer may provide clarification on some questions. Structured Interviews are typically used in surveys.

Answer 6

Structured

Question 7

Types of Research Interview,
- an informal conversation with no systematic format to follow but there is a predetermined theme or topic.
- In an unstructured interview, the interviewer has no specific guidelines, restrictions, predetermined questions, or list of options.
The interviewer asks a few broad questions to engage the respondent in an open, informal, and spontaneous discussion. The interviewer also probes with further questions and/or explores inconsistencies to gather more in-depth information on the topic. Unstructured interviews are particularly useful for getting the stories behind respondents’ experiences or when there is little

Answer 7

Unstructured