Lesson 2: Properties of Network Traffic Flashcards
Two forms of cabled media
(Bounded)
Copper
Fiber optic
Wireless media is
(Unbounded)
Radio waves
Baseband transmission
Digital signaling
What are cycles per second measured in?
Hertz (Hz)
Bandwidth
Range of frequencies available
What is multiplexing?
Time or frequency division
Baud rate vs. bit rate
Baud rate in hertz (Hz)
Bit rate in bits per second (bps)
CSMA/CD
Collision detection
Wired
Used by legacy devices and hubs
CSMA/CA
Collision avoidance
Wireless
Half-Duplex
Half-Duplex
One device can talk at a time
Attenuation
Loss of signal strength measured in decibels (dB)
Ratio of signal strength at source to signal strength at destination
Noise
Stray or unwanted signals interfering with intended signal
Signal to noise ratio (SNR)
Collision domain issues are associated with what OSI layer?
Layer 1
Copper cable
Low voltage electrical circuit
Twisted pair and coax types
Subject to high attenuation and interference
Fiber optic cable
Light signals
Less susceptible to attenuation and interference
Wireless radio
Radio frequencies (RF) Limitations on RF usage and power output affect range 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz Susceptible to interference
Broadcast
One to all
Multicast
One to many
Unicast
One to one
Broadcast domain boundaries
Established by routers at layer 3
Bridges and switches normally flood broadcast traffic
What can Virtual LANs be used for?
Can be used to isolate switch ports separate broadcast domains
(T/F) Is layer 2 of the OSI model capable of Full Duplex?
True
Ethernet is
The principal wired LAN technology
Layer 1
Addressing contains __ MAC addresses
Two, source and destination
What is the default size of a MTU?
Maximum Transmission Unit
1500 bytes
What is the purpose of FCS?
Frame Check Sequence
Error checking, if error is detected the FCS will not fix data
100BASE-TX
100BASE-FX
Fast Ethernet
- TX (Twisted pair)
- FX (Fiber optic)
1000BASE-T
1000BASE-SX
1000BASE-LX
Gigabit Ethernet -T (use all 4 wire pairs) Fiber optic -SX (LANs) -LX (WANs)
10GBASE-T
10GBASE-SR
10GBASE-LR
10 Gigabit Ethernet
- T (local area copper)
- SR (local area fiber/short range)
- LR/ER (wide area fiber/long range)
What is Wireshark?
packet sniffer
