LESSON 2: PROPERTIES OF LIQUIDS

Question 1

• the ability to resist flowing
• related to the movement of molecules in liquid and to the IMFs present
• measured using a viscometer
• viscous: flow more slowly
• high IMF results in high viscosity
• low temperature results in high viscosity (inversely proportional)

Answer 1

Viscosity

Question 2

to increase the surface area of liquids, move to the surface by breaking some attractions in the interior.

Answer 2

Surface Tension

Question 3

• the rising of a liquid in a narrow space
• cohesive forces: IMFs within the liquid molecules
• adhesive forces: IMFs between the liquid molecules and the walls of the
  tube
• concave (adhesive > cohesive)
• convex adhesive < cohesive)
• examples are blood sampling, liquids in graduated cylinder, mercury in thermometer, etc.

Answer 3

Capillarity

Question 4

• liquid to gas; evaporation
• with the use of heating, liquids evaporate easily
• volatile: the ability to evaporate quickly (ex.: alcohol)
• nonvolatile: does not evaporate quickly
• 1 atm is the normal boiling point (boiling point changes as pressure
  changes)
• boiling point is the saturated vapor pressure and is equal to external
  pressure

Answer 4

Evaporation, Vapor Pressure, & Boiling Point

Question 5

• when liquid collides with another liquid and returns again to its liquid
  state.
• dynamic equilibrium: number of molecules vaporizing = number of
  molecules condensing
• container becomes saturated with vapor; no more changes in liquid level
• vapor pressure: pressure exerted by vapor in equilibrium

Answer 5

Condensation