Lesson 2 Part 1

Question 1

When did the first evidence of life (projaryotic bacteria like) appeared?

Answer 1

3.5 billion years ago

Question 2

2 Early cells diversified and formed two prokaryotic groups

Answer 2

Archaea
Bacteria

Question 3

How does ancestor of eukaryotes formed

Answer 3

Symbiogenesis

Question 4

Cell of one prolaryotic lineage was ______ but did not digest

Answer 4

Engulfed

Question 5

What happened to the engulfed projaryotic cell?

Answer 5

Became an organelle

Question 6

Is the modification of engulfed prokaryote into an organelle within prokaryotic host

Answer 6

Primary endosymbiosis

Question 7

What was engulfed by host to become mitochondria

Answer 7

Aerobic bacteria

Question 8

What was engulfed that evolved into chloroplasts

Answer 8

Photosynthetic bacteria

Question 9

Why are unicellular eukaryotic organism called protozoa

Answer 9

Due to animal-feature like

Question 10

A relationship where two species benefit from each other

Answer 10

Mutualistic

Question 11

A relationship where in two species the pne benefits while the other nor benefit nor harmed

Answer 11

Commensalistic

Question 12

A relationship where one of the species benefit while the other is harmed

Answer 12

Parasitic

Question 13

How many species do unicellular eukaryotes have

Answer 13

250,000 species

Question 14

Two general groups based on food gathering method

Answer 14

Heterotrophic
Autotrophic

Question 15

These species feeds on visible particles

Answer 15

Phagotrophs (holozoic feeders)

Question 16

These species feeds on soluble food

Answer 16

Osmotrophs (Saprozoic feeder)

Question 17

Was used to distinguish three of the four main groups of protozoa

Answer 17

Locomotion methods

Question 18

3 types of mode of locomotion

Answer 18

Cilia
Flagella
Pseudopodia

Question 19

How do cilia and flagella the same

Answer 19

Morphologically

Question 20

What do you call both cilia and flagella

Answer 20

Undulipodia

Question 21

This propel water parallel to cell surface

Answer 21

Cilia

Question 22

This propel water parallel to the main axis of it

Answer 22

Flagella

Question 23

What is cilia and flagella made of and what is it

Answer 23

Axoneme
Nine pairs of longitudinal microtubules

Question 24

What covers axoneme

Answer 24

Plasma membrane

Question 25

Primary means of locomotion of ameba

Answer 25

Pseudopodia

Question 26

It is part of the cytoplasm that is granular more fliid and has nucleus and cytoplasmic organelle

Answer 26

Endoplasm

Question 27

It is part of more transparent and rigid and has base of cilia and flagella

Answer 27

Ectoplasm

Question 28

A type of pseudopodia that has a large blunt tipped extension with both endo and ectoplasm

Answer 28

Lobopodia

Question 29

Thin and sharp pointed extension of branching ectoplasm

Answer 29

Filopodia

Question 30

Branched filaments only

Answer 30

Rhizopodia

Question 31

Branched filaments that merge into net like structure

Answer 31

Reticulopodia

Question 32

Long thin pointed pseudopodia supported by axial rods of microtubules

Answer 32

Axopodia

Question 33

Often clumps irregularly leaving clear areas imparting vesicular appearance

Answer 33

Chromatin

Question 34

Dna in nucleus is in what form

Answer 34

Chromosomes

Question 35

Membrane bound organelle with numerous pores for internal communication

Answer 35

Nucleus

Question 36

Germ line nucleus

Answer 36

Micronucleus

Question 37

Somatic nucleus that are compact or condensed

Answer 37

Macronucleus

Question 38

Occurs widy and may percede certain phases of asexual reproduction

Answer 38

Sexual reproduction

Question 39

Undergoes meiosis ti produce haploid gametes or haploid gamete nuclei

Answer 39

Diploid cells

Question 40

These fuse to make a diplod stage or zygote

Answer 40

Haploid gamete

Question 41

Will there be embryonic development in reproduction of unicellular aukaryoted

Answer 41

No

Question 42

A type of reproduction taht produces more individuals

Answer 42

Asexual reproduction

Question 43

The most common asexual reproduction that produces clones

Answer 43

Binary fission

Question 44

This is cytokinesis preceded by seceral nuclear division

Answer 44

Multiple fission (schizogony)

Question 45

What do you call if union of gametes precedes to multiple fissionable

Answer 45

Sporogony

Question 46

Occurs when a small progeny crll pinches pf the parent cell

Answer 46

Budding

Question 47

Widespread occurrence emphasizes its imoortance as means of genetic recombination

Answer 47

Sexual reproduction

Question 48

What is isogametes

Answer 48

Gametes that look similar

Question 49

What is anisogametes

Answer 49

Gametes that are dissimilar

Question 50

Fertilization of gamete by another

Answer 50

Syngamy

Question 51

Gamete nuclei form by meiosis and fuse to form zygote inside parent organism

Answer 51

Autogamy

Question 52

Gametic nuclei exchange between paired organisms like in paramecium

Answer 52

Cojugation

Question 53

What is a cyst

Answer 53

Dormant form

Question 54

What organelle secretes the resistant external covering if cyst

Answer 54

Golgi appartus

Question 55

Important form for a parasitic to survive in harsh environment

Answer 55

Cyst form

Question 56

An escape from cysts when environmental conditions are favorable

Answer 56

Excystment

Question 57

Occur as a part of life cycle or during adverse conditions

Answer 57

Encystment

Question 58

Evolutionnof eukaryotic cells leads to?

Answer 58

Diversification

Question 59

Clades that have both unicellular and multicellular form

Answer 59

Opisthokonta Stramenopiles Viridiplantae Red algae (rhodophyta)