Lesson 2 - Irrigation Engineering Principles

Question 1

Provides a structural base to the plants and allows the root system to spread and get a strong hold.

Answer 1

Soil

Question 2

A heterogeneous mass consisting of a three phase system of solid, liquid and gas

Answer 2

Soil

Question 3

A complex mass of mineral and organic particles

Answer 3

Soil

Question 4

Soil properties

Answer 4

Soil texture

Soil structure

Question 5

The relative sizes of soil particles in a given soil

Answer 5

Soil texture

Question 6

Soil particles according to size

Answer 6

Gravel
Sand
Silt
Clay

Question 7

USDA

Answer 7

United States Department of Agriculture

Question 8

AASHTO

Answer 8

American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials

Question 9

Soil classification

Answer 9

Open or light textural soils
Medium textured soils
Tight or heavy textured soils

Question 10

Are mainly coarse and sandy with low content of silt and clay

Answer 10

Open or light textural soils

Question 11

Contains sand, silt and clay

Answer 11

Medium textured soils

Question 12

Contains high proportion of clay

Answer 12

Tight or heavy textured soils

Question 13

Refers to the arrangement of soil particles and aggregates with respect to each other

Answer 13

Soil structure

Question 14

Soil structure

Answer 14

Type
Class
Grade

Question 15

Four types of primary structure

Answer 15

Platy
Prism-like
Block-like
Spheroidal

Question 16

Five recognized classes in primary types of soils

Answer 16

Very fine
Fine
Medium
Coarse
Very coarse

Question 17

Represents the degree of aggradation that is the proportion between aggregates and unaggregated material that results when the aggregates are displaced or gently crushed

Answer 17

Grade

Question 18

Soil group (India)

Answer 18

Alluvial soils
Black soils
Red soils
Laterites and Lateric soils
Desert soils
Problem soils

Question 19

Are accumulated sediments transferred by the rivers and rapids

Answer 19

Alluvial soils

Question 20

Cotton is the most important crop grown in these soils.

Answer 20

Black soils

Question 21

Has a reddish tinge as a result of the presence of iron compounds in it.

Answer 21

Red soils

Question 22

Soil and rock type rich in iron and aluminum and is commonly considered to have formed in hot and wet tropical areas

Answer 22

Laterite soils

Question 23

Are called aridisols (dry soil)

They occur in floodplains after a spring flood

Answer 23

Desert soils

Question 24

Can affect the stability of the built infrastructure both across a wide area and very locally

Answer 24

Problem soils

Question 25

Is a form of water which reaches at the soil water table due to the gravitational force after rainfall.

Answer 25

Gravitational water

Question 26

Water exists between soil particles in a small capillary pores

Answer 26

Capillary water

Question 27

Thin film of water is tightly held by the soil particles

Answer 27

Hygroscopic water

Question 28

Importance of water in plant growth

Answer 28

1. Water maintains the turgidity of the plant
2. Provides both oxygen and hydrogen
3. Acts a solvent of plant nutrients
4. Food manufactured gets distributed throughout the plants
5. Transpiration is vital process in plants when water is adequate
6. Dissipate the heat by transpiration