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Living in the I.T Era > Lesson 2. ICT Fundamentals > Flashcards

Lesson 2. ICT Fundamentals Flashcards

1
Q

Data

A

collection of raw facts, numbers, letters, symbols, or any combination of these that, when arranged, provide a result.

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2
Q

Information

A

a data that is made meaningful based kn the needs of the user through manipulation

In computer terms, information is called a processed data

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3
Q

Desirable Qualities of Information

A

Relevant, complete, timely, accurate, presentable, cost effective

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4
Q

Relevant

A

information must be important to the person receiving or using it

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5
Q

Complete

A

no vital information should be omitted

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6
Q

Timely

A

information must be available when needed

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7
Q

Accurate

A

validity of information is necessary for sound decision making

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8
Q

Presentable

A

a good presentation makes information more understandable

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9
Q

Cost effective

A

only essential data processing should be carried out

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10
Q

Input - Process - Output (IPO) model

A

a conceptual framework where input data is processed resulting in an output in the form of information

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11
Q

Data Processing

A

a series of activities that transforms data into information in some way since men have been able to communicate

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12
Q

3 Data Processing Methods

A

Manual Data Processing, Mechanical Data Processing and Electromechanical Data Processing

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13
Q

Manual Data Processing

A

implies the extended use of human labor in processing data

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14
Q

What items are used in Manual Data Processing?

A

pencils, rulers, pen, worksheet or similar items

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15
Q

Other description of Manual Data Processing

A

low and relatively inaccurate and could not support rapidly expanding information requirements

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16
Q

Mechanical Data Processing

A

involves the use of machines and devices that alter transmit and direct applied forces

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17
Q

Examples of Mechanical Data Processing

A

mechanical calculators, manual typewrites and manual cash registers

18
Q

Mechanical Data Processing offers?

A

offers the advantages of greater computational speed, accuracy, and legibility but requires higher processing volume to justify investment costs

19
Q

Electromechanical Data Processing

A

has proven superior capacity to perform computations and other functions in incredible speed

20
Q

How electromechanical data processing made possible?

A

mad possible with the use of electrical impulses that passes through electronic devices to process data rather than movements of mechanical parts

21
Q

Four Basic Functions

A

Input Preparation, Processing, Output Preparation, Storage and Feedback

22
Q

Input Preparation

A

source documents are collected into a form acceptable for digital processing

23
Q

Input Preparation is concerned with?

A

the accuracy and completeness of data to ensure data integrity like editing/sorting, coding, verifying

24
Q

Processing

A

actual operations are performed on data to convert it into information through: classifying, sorting, calculating and summarizing

25
Q

Output Preparation

A

processed information is prepared in a format acceotable to the user for analysis or an input for second cycle

a. report production
b. communicatinf to the user

26
Q

Storage and Feedback

A

the result of processed data is stored for future use or retrieval

the feedback function is the key to control business

a. storing
b. retrieving
c. feedback

27
Q

Computer

A

a digital electronic device that processes data through a series of commands into information for reproduction and storage

28
Q

Computers can perform?

A

mathematical and logical operations, store data and instructions and process large volumes at high speed

29
Q

Processing large volumes of data at high speed is achieved with the use of?

A

computers internal data storage

30
Q

how is instruction and data stored?

A

instructions and data are stored in the computer in a machine readable form to enable the processing of data electronically

31
Q

instructions and data are stored in the computer in a machine readable form to enable the processing of data electronically is commonly known as

A

electronic data processing

32
Q

modern computers

A

getting smaller, cheaper, and more efficient, requiring less power and much more easier to operate

33
Q

Analog Computers

A

machine or electronic circuit designed to work on numerical data represented by some physical quantity

34
Q

Examples of Analog Computers

A

Electrical Quantity, Voltage

35
Q

Digital Computer

A

processes information in digital form

36
Q

What digital computers process?

A

processes numerical information and any device that manipulate symbolic information according to specified computational procedures

37
Q

Nanotechnology

A

manipulation of matter on an atomic and molecular scale

38
Q

What does Nanotechnology entails?

A

entails the application of fields of science as diverse as organic chemistty, surface science, molecular biology, semiconductor physics, microfabrication, etc.

39
Q

Capabilities of Computers

A
  1. Ability to perform arithmetic and logical operations
  2. Ability to store or remember a great amount and variety of information and retrieve or revall the information needed almost instantly
  3. Ability to handle large volumes of repetitive tasks accurately over long periods of time
  4. Communicate with its operators and other machines
  5. Capable of remote processing where communication is established between the terminal
40
Q

Limitations of Computers

A
  1. Still subject to human direction and control
  2. Can detect but generally cannot correct an inaccurate entry in their own
  3. Subject to occassional breakdown or computer malfunction
41
Q

Computer System Component

A

Dataware, Hardware ,Software, Peopleware

42
Q

Dataware

A

systematically and organized collection of data and procedures relevant to the organization

Living in the I.T Era (6 decks)

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