lesson 2 - Glycolysis Flashcards
unit 3
1
Q
Substrate-level phosphorylation
A
a biochemical reaction where ATP is produced directly by transferring a phosphate group from a high-energy intermediate compound to ADP
2
Q
Glycolysis
A
The first step in the process of liberating energy from glucose
and it is literally sugar breaking
Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm
3
Q
- REDOX reactions
- Reduction (from NAD+ to NADH + H+)
- Substrate-level phosphorylation to form ATP
A
- when a substance loses electrons, it is to be oxidized
- when a substance gains electrons it is to be reduced
- Reduction of NAD (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)
NAD+ + 2H —-> NADH + H+
(oxidized NAD) (reduced NAD) - In glycolysis, ATP formed at the level of substrate. The substrate will give phosphate to the ADP (a co-enzyme).
4
Q
where is the energy?
A
1 glucose
glycolysis
- 2 NADH + H+
- 2 ATP (net)
- 2 Pyruvate
Krebs cycle
- 2 FADH2
- 2 FADH2
- 8 NADH + H+
- 2 ATP
ETC
- 4 ATP
- 4 ATP
- 24 ATP
1 glucose = 36 ATP in eukaryotic cells
5
Q
outer membrane
A
6
Q
intermembrane space
A
location of the ATP synthase molecule
7
Q
inner membrane
A
The lowest pH occurs here
