Lesson 2: Fire Hazards: Understanding & Prevention Flashcards
ANY ACTIONS, MATERIALS, OR CONDITIONS THAT MIGHT INCREASE THE SIZE OR SEVERITY OF A FIRE OR THAT MIGHT CAUSE A FIRE TO START ARE CALLED FIRE HAZARDS
Fire Hazard
What are the four elements of fire
Heat, Fuel, Oxygen, Chemical Reaction
COMBUSTION REPRESENTS A SELF SUSTAINING RUN OF REACTIONS CONSISTING OF PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL TRANSFORMATIONS
Fire
REQUIRES FAVORABLE STARTING CONDITIONS, WHICH ARE GENERALLY A SUFFICIENT HEATING UP OF THE SYSTEM THAT COVERS THE INITIAL ENERGY DEMAND
OF THE CHAIN REACTION OF BURNING
Ignition
CLASS OF FIRE THAT ARE LIQUIDS OR GAS SUCH AS ALCOHOL, ETHER, GASOLINE, OR
GREASE
Class B
METALLIC SUBSTANCES SUCH AS SODIUM, TITANIUM, ZIRCONIUM, OR MAGNESIUM
Class D
SOLID MATERIALS SUCH AS WOOD OR PAPER, FABRIC, AND SOME PLASTICS
Class A
ELECTRICAL FAILURE FROM APPLIANCES, ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT, AND WIRING
Class C
GREASE OR OIL FIRES SPECIFICALLY FROM COOKING
Class K
MOST COMMON OF THE 5 DIFFERENT CLASSES OF FIRES. THEY OCCUR WHEN COMMON COMBUSTIBLE MATERIALS LIKE
WOOD, PAPER, FABRIC, TRASH, AND LIGHT PLASTICS CATCH FIRE
Class A Fires
Other term for Class A Fires
Ordinary Fires
IT’S BEST TO PUT OUT A CLASS A FIRE QUICKLY BEFORE IT SPREADS USING ________ OR _________
WATER OR MONOAMMONIUM PHOSPHATE
INVOLVE FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS AND GASES, ESPECIALLY FUELS LIKE PETROLEUM OR PETROLEUM-BASED PRODUCTS SUCH AS GASOLINE, PAINT, AND KEROSENE. OTHER GASES THAT
ARE HIGHLY FLAMMABLE ARE PROPANE AND BUTANE
Class B Fires: Liquids and Gases
THE BEST WAY TO DEAL WITH CLASS B TYPE OF FIRES IS BY _______ & ________
SMOTHERING THEM OR REMOVING
OXYGEN USING FOAM OR CO2 FIRE
SUPPRESSION EQUIPMENT
THIS FALL UNDER CLASS C AND ARE COMMON IN FACILITIES THAT MAKE HEAVY USE OF ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT, BUT THEY CAN OCCUR IN A WIDE RANGE
OF INDUSTRIES.
Electrical Fires
MIGHT BE AN OBVIOUS RISK AREA FOR
CLASS C FIRES. THEY MUST HAVE SAFEGUARDS IN PLACE TO DEALWITH ELECTRICAL FIRES
Data Centers
ARE NOT AS COMMON AS THE OTHER CLASSES, BUT THEY DO REQUIRE SPECIAL
ATTENTION BECAUSE THEY CAN BE ESPECIALLY DIFFICULT TO EXTINGUISH
Class D Fires
Metallic Fires involves flammable materials that are commonly occurring in _______
Laboratories
THIS TYPE OF FIRE INVOLVE VEGETABLE OILS, ANIMAL OILS, OR FATS IN COOKING APPLIANCES. EXTINGUISHERS WITH A K RATING ARE DESIGNED TO EXTINGUISH FIRES INVOLVING VEGETABLE OILS, ANIMAL OILS, OR FATS UTILIZED IN COMMERCIAL COOKING APPLIANCE
Class F Fires
Other term for Class F Fires
Frying Fats
Common causes of Wildfires
Lightning, Human Activity, Climate Conditions
Effects of Wildfires
Loss of Lifem Destruction of Landm Air Pollution
Prevention of Wildfires
Controlled Burns, Firebreaks, Public Awareness
Most of these fires occur outside, but most of the associated deaths, injuries, and losses occur in structures, particularly in homes
Arson and Intentional Fires
Top Three Days for Home Candle Fires
New Years Day, Christmas, and New Years Eve
INCLUDES GENERAL COOKING SAFETY INFO, AS WELL AS TIPS FOR MICROWAVES, COOKING OIL AND TURKEY FRYERS
Cooking
Safety in the home with circuit interrupters
Electrical
Leading cause of fire deaths in the United States
Smoking
CHILDREN PLAYING WITH FIRE CAUSE HUNDREDS OF DEATHS AND INJURIES EACH YEAR
Young Fire Setters
REFERS TO THE EVENT WHERE FLAMMABLE MATERIALS COULD IGNITE ON THEIR OWN
Spontaneous Combustion
Examples of Spontaneous Combustion
Oily Rags, Spilled Oil, Dried Leaves
WHETHER IT IS A STOVETOP, A CANDLE, OR A BONFIRE, IT IS NEVER SAFE TO LEAVE AN OPEN FLAME. IF YOU NEED TO LEAVE, MAKE SURE TO PUT THE FIRE OUT
Never Leave a Fire Unattended
A FAULTY APPLIANCE OR ELECTRICAL CORD CAN EASILY MALFUNCTION AND IGNITE. SIMILARLY, AN OVERLOADED ELECTRICAL SOCKET OR EXTENSION CORDS CAN HEAT UP AND IGNITE DUE TO ELECTRICITY OVERUSE
Always check the electrical equipment
DECLUTTER THE AREA AND MAKE SURE THAT ANYTHING THAT CAN CAUSE IGNITION AND SERVE AS FUEL IS DISTANT FROM EACH OTHER
KEEP A GOOD DISTANCE BETWEEN THINGS THAT CAN CATCH FIRE
WHEN FUELS ARE EXPOSED TO IGNITION, THEY WILL EASILY CATCH AND SPREAD THE FIRE
STORE FLAMMABLE MATERIALS PROPERLY
What is the meaning of RACE when involved in a fire
R- RESCUE ANYONE IN IMMEDIATE DANGER FROM THE FIRE IF IT WILL NOT ENDANGER YOUR LIFE.
A- ALARM: SOUND THE ALARM OR CALL THE EMERGENCY HOTLINE.
C-CONFINE THE FIRE BY CLOSING ALL THE DOORS AND WINDOWS.
E-EXTINGUISH THE FIRE WITH A FIRE EXTINGUISHER
E-EVACUATE IF FIRE IS TOO LARGE
What are the chemicals found in smoke?
AMMONIA
CARBON MONOXIDE
CHLORINE
HYDROGEN CYANIDE
SULFUR DIOXIDE
What is the meaning of PASS, the proper use of fire extinguishers
P-PULL THE PIN ON THE FIRE EXTINGUISHER.
A-AIM THE EXTINGUISHER NOZZLE AT THE BASE OF THE FIRE.
S- SQUEEZE OR PRESS THE HANDLE
S- SWEEP FROM SIDE TO SIDE UNTIL THE FIRE APPEARS TO BE OUT
What are the 5 main types of fire extinguishers
Water, Foam, Dry Powder, Carbon Dioxide, Wet Chemical
THIS TYPE OF FIRE EXTINGUISHER WORK BY SPRAYING WATER FROM THE SPRAY NOZZLE, WHICH HELPS TO COVER LARGER
SURFACE AREA. THEY ARE THE SIMPLEST, MOST COMMON, AND LEAST EXPENSIVE TYPE OF EXTINGUISHER
Water Fire Extinguishers
USED FOR FIGHTING BURNING SOLIDS, LIQUIDS, AND GASES (CLASS A, B, AND C FIRES)
Powder Fire Extinguishers
ARE DESIGNED TO TACKLE TYPE D FIRES INVOLVING COMBUSTIBLE METALS SUCH AS LITHIUM, MAGNESIUM, OR ALUMINIUM
Specialist Powder Extinguishers
POWDER FIRE EXTINGUISHERS WORK BY THE POWDER FORMING A _______ WHICH
SMOTHERS THE FIRE AND STOPS IT FROM SPREADING
Crust
The ______ smothers the fire in solids and liquids (Class A and B), but not in burning fats or cooking oils (Class F)
Foam Extinguishers
A foam extinguisher can also be used on some electrical fires if they have been tested and if fired from __ meter away
1
These contain only pressurized carbon dioxide gas and therefore leave no residue
Carbon Dioxide Extinguishers
used on fires involving burning liquids (Class B), and electrical fires, such as of large
computer equipment, so are practical in offices.
Carbon Dioxide Extinguishers
These are the only extinguishers apart from water mist suitable for Class F oil fires (fats and cooking oils) and are mainly used in kitchens with deep fat fryers. They can also be used on Class A and some can be used on Class B fires.
Wet Chemical
Wet Chemical consist of a pressurized solution of _______, which, when operated, creates a fine mist, cooling the flames and preventing splashing
alkali salts in water
IS A WRITTEN DOCUMENT THAT INCLUDES THE ACTION TO BE TAKEN BY ALL STAFF OR FAMILY MEMBERS IN AN EVENT OF FIRE AND THE ARRANGEMENTS FOR CALLING THE FIRE BUREAU
Fire Emergency Evacuation Plan
WHAT IS THE NOTABLE FIRE DISASTER HAPPENED IN THE PH WHERE A LOT OF THE YOUNG PEOPLE WHO WENT TO THE CLUB WANTED TO UNWIND TO CELEBRATE THE END OF THE SCHOOL YEAR AND THEIR IMPENDING GRADUATION
CEREMONIES.
Ozone Disco 1996
When did Ozone Disco 1996 happen?
March 16, 1996
OUT OF THE 350 CLUBBERS AND 40 EMPLOYEES IN OZONE DISCO THAT NIGHT, ____ PEOPLE WERE KILLED IN THE FIRE AND OVER ____ PEOPLE SUSTAINED INJURIES
162, 90
FIRE DISASTER IN THE PH WHERE THE FIRE STARTED IN THE FIRST FLOOR OF THE FACTORY. BECAUSE OF THE HIGHLY
FLAMMABLE MATERIALS, IT QUICKLY SPREAD TO THE UPPER FLOORS. MOST WORKERS WERE TRAPPED BECAUSE THE FIRE EXITS WERE ALREADY CONSUMED BY FIRE.
Wig Factory Marikina (1975)
In just 3 hours of fire disaster in Wig Factory Marikina, how many people died and sustained major injuries
42 died, 79 injured
FIRE DISASTER IN THE PH THAT HAPPENED TWO DAYS BEFORE CHRISTMAS—A SEASON WHERE MOST PINOYS GO TO THE MALL FOR SHOPPING—A FIRE ENGULFED THE 14-YEAR OLD MALL IN DAVAO.
NCCC MALL (2017)
How many hours the fire went on on NCCC Mall?
32 hours
How many people died in NCCC MALL fire disaster
38
A FACTORY THAT PRODUCED FLIPFLOPS
AND RUBBER SHOES CAUGHT FIRE WHEN WELDING SPARKS IGNITED CHEMICALS THAT WERE, UNFORTUNATELY, STORED
NEAR THE ENTRANCE OF THE FACTORY.
Kentex Slipper Manufacturing Fire
When did Kentex Slipper Manufacturing Fire happen
May 13, 2015
How many people died and hours that fire went on to completely out out in Kentex Slipper Manufacturing Fire?
74 died, 5 hours
