Lesson 2: Elements of Hydrologic Cycle Flashcards
Transformation of water from liquid to gas/vapor.
Evaporation
Temperature at which condensation begins.
Dew point
Transfer of water from ground - plant - water.
Transpiration
Movement of water into air from soil, canopy interception, and water bodies.
Evapotranspiration
What is osmotic pressure?
Soil moisture
Opening surface of leaves where air pass through.
Stomata
Low soil-water content causes surface tension that exceeds the osmotic pressure of roots causing water to no longer enter the roots.
Wilting Point
Plants with a long tap root that extends to water table.
Phreatophytes
Other term for desert plants
Xerophytes
Other term for water plants
Hydrophytes
When relative humidity will approach 100% if it is cooled without losing moisture. What will happen?
Condensation
What are the following parameters to initiate precipitation?
Humid air mass must be cooled to the dew-point temperature.
Freezing nuclei must be present.
Droplets must combine to form raindrops
Raindrops must have sufficient size
Tool used in measuring precipitation.
Rain gauge
Method to adjust non-uniform gauge distribution.
Thiessen Method
A discharge of a river at a single location as a function of time.
Stream Hydrographs
Maximum amount of moisture the air can hold in a specific temperature
Saturation Humidity
Ratio temperature between absolute humidity : saturation humidity
Relative Humidity
The amount of water vapor in the air is called _______
Absolute Humidity
Evaporation is the _______ that water moves
from a liquid state back into the water cycle
primary pathway
Evapotranspiration can be measured directly using ___________
Lysimeter
air mass rises in the atmosphere and expands owing to the decreasing pressure
adiabatic expansion
typical of humid regions, where groundwater
recharges streams
gaining streams (effluent streams)
typical of arid
regions, where streams can
recharge groundwater
losing streams (influent stream)
True or False. A stream that is gaining during low flow periods can temporarily become a losing stream during flood stage
True
Lines equal to rainfall
isohyetal lines
