Lesson 2: Elements of Hydrologic Cycle

Question 1

Transformation of water from liquid to gas/vapor.

Answer 1

Evaporation

Question 2

Temperature at which condensation begins.

Answer 2

Dew point

Question 3

Transfer of water from ground - plant - water.

Answer 3

Transpiration

Question 4

Movement of water into air from soil, canopy interception, and water bodies.

Answer 4

Evapotranspiration

Question 5

What is osmotic pressure?

Answer 5

Soil moisture

Question 6

Opening surface of leaves where air pass through.

Answer 6

Stomata

Question 7

Low soil-water content causes surface tension that exceeds the osmotic pressure of roots causing water to no longer enter the roots.

Answer 7

Wilting Point

Question 8

Plants with a long tap root that extends to water table.

Answer 8

Phreatophytes

Question 9

Other term for desert plants

Answer 9

Xerophytes

Question 10

Other term for water plants

Answer 10

Hydrophytes

Question 11

When relative humidity will approach 100% if it is cooled without losing moisture. What will happen?

Answer 11

Condensation

Question 12

What are the following parameters to initiate precipitation?

Answer 12

Humid air mass must be cooled to the dew-point temperature.
Freezing nuclei must be present.
Droplets must combine to form raindrops
Raindrops must have sufficient size

Question 13

Tool used in measuring precipitation.

Answer 13

Rain gauge

Question 14

Method to adjust non-uniform gauge distribution.

Answer 14

Thiessen Method

Question 15

A discharge of a river at a single location as a function of time.

Answer 15

Stream Hydrographs

Question 16

Maximum amount of moisture the air can hold in a specific temperature

Answer 16

Saturation Humidity

Question 17

Ratio temperature between absolute humidity : saturation humidity

Answer 17

Relative Humidity

Question 18

The amount of water vapor in the air is called _______

Answer 18

Absolute Humidity

Question 19

Evaporation is the _______ that water moves
from a liquid state back into the water cycle

Answer 19

primary pathway

Question 20

Evapotranspiration can be measured directly using ___________

Answer 20

Lysimeter

Question 21

air mass rises in the atmosphere and expands owing to the decreasing pressure

Answer 21

adiabatic expansion

Question 22

typical of humid regions, where groundwater
recharges streams

Answer 22

gaining streams (effluent streams)

Question 23

typical of arid
regions, where streams can
recharge groundwater

Answer 23

losing streams (influent stream)

Question 24

True or False. A stream that is gaining during low flow periods can temporarily become a losing stream during flood stage

Answer 24

True

Question 25

Lines equal to rainfall

Answer 25

isohyetal lines