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Hydrogeology > Groundwater Quality and Contaminants and Groundwater Investigation > Flashcards

Groundwater Quality and Contaminants and Groundwater Investigation Flashcards

1
Q

Water quality is determined by _________, ________, and _________.

A

solute, dissolved gasses, suspended matter

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2
Q

The total amount of solids in milligrams per liter that remain when a water sample is evaporated to dryness.

A

Total dissolved solids

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3
Q

Classification of water-based in TDS
0-1000 mg/L

A

Fresh

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4
Q

Classification of water-based in TDS
1,000 - 10,000 mg/L

A

Brackish

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5
Q

Classification of water-based in TDS
10,000 - 100,000 mg/L

A

Saline

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6
Q

Classification of water-based in TDS
>100,000 mg/L

A

Brine

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7
Q

List of dissolved gasses

A

O, CO2, N, H2S, CH4

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8
Q

Degradation of water quality due to human influences.

A

Anthropogenic effects

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9
Q

Groundwater contamination is commonly marked by a ______.

A

plume

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10
Q

Release pollutants from discrete conveyances.

A

Point source

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11
Q

Pollution is a combination of pollutants from a large area rather than from specific identifiable sources such as discharge pipes.

A

Nonpoint source

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12
Q

Enumerate the effects of pumping

A

It accelerates groundwater flow to well
Captures contamination within cone of depression
May reverse groundwater flow
Will cause saltwater intrusion

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13
Q

Enumerate the effects of water polution

A

Devastating to people, animals, fish, and birds
Unsuitable for drinking, recreation, agriculture and industry
Destroys water life

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14
Q

What is the purpose of water sampling and monitoring?

A

To established science-based data collection methods
Encourage consistency in the use of this methods
Provide techniques that minimize data bias
Save on cost

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15
Q

Significant wastewater parameters

A

pH
Color
Total suspended solids
Oil and grease
Turbidity
COD
BOD
DO
Temperature

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16
Q

How can we verify classification and water quality standards?

A

DAO 34, DAO 35

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17
Q

Maps, schedule, specific water quality parameters
Verify classification and water quality standards.

A

Review important information

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18
Q

Background information
Discharge water quality
Downstream impacts

A

Established sampling location

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19
Q

Developed map depicting the project, sampling locations, and major water, land and road characteristics

A

Create base/site map

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20
Q

Date, time and location of the sample
Project name
Name of person who collected the sample
Field conditions
Parameters to be measured

A

Sampling information label

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21
Q

Glass, plastics, ceramics and metals, powderless nitrite gloves.

A

Selection of equipment and other apparatus

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22
Q

At near a stream-gauging station

Straight reaches have uniform flow and a uniform and stable bottom contour, and where constituents are well-mixed along the cross-section

Far enough above and below confluences of streamflow or point source of contamination to avoid sampling a cross-section.

Away from structures and

A

Flowing-water sites

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23
Q

Wells or piezometer for purpose of collecting hydrological data

A

Observation wells

24
Q

Installed specifically for assessment of physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of aquifer.

A

Monitoring wells

25
Q

Steps of Groundwater sampling

A

Step 1: Preparation (Planning and Research)
Step 2: Well inspection
Step 3: Well purging
Step 4: Sample collection and labeling
Step 5: Transportation and storage

26
Q

Water in the atmosphere returns to earth as liquid or solid.

A

Precipitation

27
Q

Precipitation formula

A

P= ET + R + (Triangle)S

28
Q

Process of converting water to water vapor

A

Evaporation

29
Q

Evaporation from soil surface and transpiration from plants

A

Evapotranspiration

30
Q

Water flows across the land surface as streams, rivers, and drains after rain storms or melting snow.

A

Surface runoff

31
Q

Water flowing beneath the land surface through sediments and rock

A

Subsurface runoff

32
Q

Water collected in naturally occurring or manmade bodies along hydrologic cycle

A

Water storage

33
Q

Measurement approach in Precipitation

A

rain gauges

34
Q

Measurement approach in stream discharge

A

sharp crested weir

35
Q

Measurement approach evapotranspiration

A

evaporation pan

36
Q

Measurement approach gw storage Sgw

A

observation wells

37
Q

Measurement approach sw storage Ssw

A

stage

38
Q

Method to assess aquifer sensitivity

A

Depth to water table
net Recharge
Aquifer media
Soil media
Topography
Impact of vadose zone
hydraulic Conductivity

39
Q

Source of potable waters and other domestic use

A

Adopt Class A WQG (except BOD and Dissolved oxygen)

40
Q

Bathing and another primary contract recreation

A

Adopt Class B WQG (except BOD and Dissolved oxygen)

41
Q

Irrigation, Fish culture, livestock watering

A

Adopt Class C WQG (except BOD, Dissolved oxygen, and Total suspended solids)

42
Q

Intended primarily for water having watersheds, which are uninhibited and/or otherwise declared as protected areas, and which require only approved disinfection to meet the latest PNSDW.

A

Class AA
Public Water Supply Class I

43
Q

Intended as sources of water supply requiring conventional treatment (coagulation, sedimentation, filtration, and disinfection) to meet the latest PNSDW.

A

Class A
Public Water Supply Class II

44
Q

Intended for primary contract recreation (bathing, swimming, etc.)

A

Class B
Recreational Water Class I

45
Q
  1. Fishery water for propagation and growth of fish and other aquatic resources.
  2. For boating, fishing, or similar activities
  3. For agriculture, irrigation, and livestock watering
A

Class C
Recreational Water Class II

46
Q

Navigable waters

A

Class D

47
Q

Waters designated as national or local marine parks, reserves, sanctuaries, and other areas established by law

A

Class SA
Protected Waters

48
Q

Suitable for shellfish harvesting for direct human consumption.

A

Class SA
Fishery Water Class I

49
Q

Water suitable for commercial propagation of shellfish and intended as spawning areas for milkfish and similar species.

A

Class SB
Fishery Water Class II

50
Q

For ecotourism and recreational activities.

A

Class SB
Tourist Zones

51
Q

Intended for primary contact recreation (bathing, swimming, skin diving, etc.)

A

Class SB
Recreational Water Class I

52
Q

For the propagation and growth of fish and other aquatic resources and intended for commercial and sustenance fishing.

A

Class SC
Fishery Water Class III

53
Q

For boating, fishing, and similar activities.

A

Class SC
Recreational Water Class II

54
Q

Marshy and/or mangrove areas declared as fish and wildlife sanctuaries.

A

Class SC

55
Q

Marshy and/or mangrove areas declared as fish and wildlife sanctuaries.

A

Class SC

Hydrogeology (8 decks)

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