Lesson #2 - Earthquakes

Question 1

Types of Earthquakes:
- Originate within 60km (40 miles)
- majority earthquake focci are shallow

Answer 1

Shallow eathquakes

Question 2

Types of Earthquakes:
- 12% of total energy released by earthquakes
- focal depth 60- 300 km

Answer 2

Intermidiate earthquakes

Question 3

Types of Earthquakes:
- 700 (430 miles)
- occur in Benioff Zones + Subducting Slab
- dip averages in 45 degrees
- creates trench

Answer 3

Deep Focal earthquake

Question 4

• It’s a zone of EQ concentration associated with subducting ocean slabs.
• It exists only on the boundaries that have trenches
• Evidence of plate interactions

Answer 4

Benioff Zone

Question 5

Convergence of plates:
Oceanic plate + Oceanic Plate =

Answer 5

Volcanic Island Arc

Question 6

Convergence of plates:
Oceanic plate + Continential Plate =

Answer 6

Volcanic Arc

Question 7

• A fault where movement or slippage is expected to occur
• Mark certain areas that are broken to earthquakes
• Clear Breaks and the soil ears from the surface down the bottom

Answer 7

Active fault

Question 8

• Fault that has seized Activity for a long time
• Do not disturb or break all the layers of the soil

Answer 8

Inactive fault

Question 9

We can say that the fault is active if?

Answer 9

• If there is observed movement of evidence of seismic activity during the last 10,000 years

Question 10

The shaking of the earth’s surface resulting from the sudden release of energy

Answer 10

Earthquake s

Question 11

Give the four notable fault systems in the philippines (4 main & 2 sub)

Answer 11

1) Guinayangan Fault
2)Masbate fault
3) Vigan-Aggao Fault
4) Marikina Valley Fault System
- East Valley Fault
- West Valley Fault

Question 12

Fault Lines:
1) GF - Active fsult transversing province central portion, and is also part of the PFZ
- Cause of 7 Mw

Answer 12

Guinayangan Fault

Question 13

Fault Lines:
2) MF - Considered a seismically active region in the country, which explains the frequent quakes in the area
- Cause of 6.6 Mw

Answer 13

Masbate Fault

Question 14

Fault Lines:
3) V-A F — Located in the western most part of the fault line in the philippines

Answer 14

Vigan-Aggao Fault

Question 15

Fault Lines:
4) MVFS - One of the most well known and feared fault lines in the philippines.
a) EVF - 10 km long (7.2 Mw)
b) WVF - 100 lm lonv (could trigger the “Big One”)

Answer 15

Marikina Valley Fault System
a) East valley fault
b) West valley Fault

Question 16

If you are living in the areas near the active fault what should you do?

Answer 16

Go beyond duck, cover and hold,
Retrofit Your house, create a disaster plan, and put together an emergency kit

Question 17

This type of earthquake comes before the main shock

Answer 17

Fore shock

Question 18

This type of earthquake Comes after the main shock

Answer 18

After shock

Question 19

This type of earthquake is a sequence of seismic waves and does not have a main shock (happenes in a short period of time)

Answer 19

Swarm

Question 20

Where the movement or the earthquake took place

Answer 20

Hypocenter

Question 21

Directly above the hypocenter

Answer 21

Epicenter

Question 22

Elevated surface caused by the movement of the fault

Answer 22

Fault Scarp