Lesson 2 - Dead or Alive Flashcards
How do we group things on earth?
- living
- non-living
- once living
- product of a living thing
What are living things?
For something to be considered living, it must have 7 characteristics
1. Move
2. Respire (breath for animals and photosynthesis for plants)
3. Sense their environment
4. Grow
5. Reproduction
6. Excrete (produce waste)
7. Nutrition
What are non living things?
They may have some of the traits of living things BUT NOT ALL 7
They have NEVER been living
What are once living things?
Once living objects use to be living but are now DEAD.
What do once-living things look like?
Sometimes they look similar to when they were living eg tree
Sometimes they do not look similar as when they were living eg wood
What are one of the biggest living groups?
Animals
What makes animals unique?
Animals come in all different shapes and sizes and have special organs to help them live eg heart
Can animals make their own food and how do they eat food?
No they have to eat other living things.
They need to digest food. To do this some have
1. special organs to help digestions
2. Some have teeth
3. some produce chemicals to break down food
What is another group of living things?
Plants
What does the plant group include?
trees, grasses, shrubs and flowers
How do plants make their own food?
They make their own food through PHOTOSYNTHESIS
What do plants need to make their own food?
Sunlight and water
Why are plants important?
Because they make their food from sunlight and therefore are very important to life on earth
Why do living things need to GROW?
- To replace broken or damaged parts eg grazing knee
- To develop and mature eg baby to adult or plant losing leaves and growing back
Why do living things need MOVE?
- To get food
- avoid being eaten
- move objects around their body
How do living things move?
They move by flying, walking or swimming.
Some living things only move part of their body and others only move on the inside.
How do living things reproduce?
- Animals have babies
- Plants produce seeds
Why is it important to reproduce?
So the living thing doesnt die out or become extinct.
Why is sensing or feeling the environment important for living things?
So they can stay alive, for example temperature. When dogs pant they are hot and trying to cool down
Why is Nutrition (needing food) important for living things?
Living things use a lot of energy and therefore need food to replenish this energy
Why is breathing important for living things?
Living things need to breathe to turn food into energy
How does breathing create energy?
When you breathe you take oxygen from the air and this oxygen turns the food you eat into energy for your body to use
Why do living things need to produce waste?
Living things create energy and waste is what is left of your food once all the energy has been used. Eg urine
What does Growth mean for living things?
This is the process of developing/changing and maturing
What is a plant and animal example of growth?
- Animal - a puppy will turn into an adult dog
- Plant - seeds turn into sprouts, seedlings and then flower
What is reproduction?
All living things to create copies of themselves in order for that species to survive
What is a plant and animal example of reproduction?
Plant - Flowers produce seeds to create more flowers
Animal - A bird will lay an egg which will turn into another bird
What is excretion?
This is the process of getting rid of waste material
What is a plant and animal example of excretion?
Plant: Some plants have leaves that wilt and fall off
Animal: A dog will excrete and urinate to get rid of waste
What is nutrition?
The process of turning food into energy
What is a plant and animal example of nutrition?
Plant: Need sunlight to create their OWN food (photosynthesis)
Animal: A dog will need food and water which it will turn into energy
What is Movement?
This is the process of changing a place, position or posture
What is a plant and animal example of movement?
Plant - develop roots to keep themselves stable
Animal - bird flying or puppy chasing
What is respiration?
Every living things need to breathe. This is a way of turning parts of their air such as oxygen or carbon dioxide into energy
What is an example of respiration for plant and animal?
Plant - respire through their leaves
Animals - Humans breathe through nose / mouth
What is SENSITIVITY?
This means feeling the environment around you. This could include humans using their senses (taste, smell etc)
What is a plant and animal example of SENSITIVITY?
Plants - will wilt if in hot environments with no water
Animals - humans sweat to help cool their body down
What is a predator?
A predator is an animal that eats other animals
What is the opposite of a predator?
Prey
What is prey?
Prey is the organism that is eaten by the predator
What do predators look like?
They come in all different shapes and size
What do humans eat?
Humans eat both plants and meat. They are omnivores
Are humans predators?
yes
Why are animals predators?
They hunt to meet their physical needs and need food in order to survive.
Why is the predator-prey relationship important?
Any change in the size of one population directly effects the other eg rabbit and fox
Why are predator-prey relationships important?
They maintain balance in the eco-system
What happens when a species has no predators?
Overpopulation
For example the cane toad.
What happens if the prey becomes better at escaping predators?
The predators must adapt to become better at catching their prey
What are 2 groups that divide animals?
- Vertebrates
- Invertebrates
What is a vertebrate?
Animals that have a backbone or spine
What is an invertebrate?
Animals that do not have a backbone
What are examples of vertebrates?
Fish, mammals and birds
What are examples of invertebrates?
worms and shellfish
True or Flase, all living things are part of the food chain?
TRUE
Who are at the bottom of the food chain?
Producers
What are producers?
They are always plants
Where do plants get their energy from?
sun
What is a herbivore?
Animals that only eat plants. They are primary consumers. Eg giraffe, elephant, bees
What is a carnivore?
Animals that only eat other animals.
What is an omnivore?
Animals that eat both plants and other animals
What are humans? Omnivores, carnivores or herbivores?
Omnivores
What is a food chain?
A food chain shows the relationship between different plants and animals
What is a producer?
A producer is a living thing that makes its own food. Such as plants.
How do producers make their own food?
PHOTOSYNTHESIS - Producers make their own food by converting non-living things such as carbon dioxide, minerals, water and energy from the sun into food
What are consumers?
Consumers are animals that can not make their own food
What are the 3 types of consumers
- Herbivores
- Carnivores
- Omnivores
What is a carnivore that only eats herbivores called?
Secondary consumer
What is a carnivore that eats other carnivores called?
Tertiary consumer
How does the arrow mean in the food chain?
transfer of energy or “eaten by”
What is the differences between a food chain and food web?
Food webs are a collection of food chains
Why is a food chain less accurate than a food web?
A food web is more accurate than a food chain as it shows the varied diet of the animal
What are decomposers?
Tiny organisms such as bacteria, earthworms and some fungi eat dead matter to break it down.
Who become food for decomposers?
When plants and animals die they become food for decomposers
What do decomposers do?
They create organic material that is returned the soil.
The producers then use the organic material during photosynthesis
