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Science 2024 > Lesson 2 - Dead or Alive > Flashcards

Lesson 2 - Dead or Alive Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

How do we group things on earth?

A
  1. living
  2. non-living
  3. once living
  4. product of a living thing
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2
Q

What are living things?

A

For something to be considered living, it must have 7 characteristics
1. Move
2. Respire (breath for animals and photosynthesis for plants)
3. Sense their environment
4. Grow
5. Reproduction
6. Excrete (produce waste)
7. Nutrition

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3
Q

What are non living things?

A

They may have some of the traits of living things BUT NOT ALL 7
They have NEVER been living

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4
Q

What are once living things?

A

Once living objects use to be living but are now DEAD.

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5
Q

What do once-living things look like?

A

Sometimes they look similar to when they were living eg tree
Sometimes they do not look similar as when they were living eg wood

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6
Q

What are one of the biggest living groups?

A

Animals

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7
Q

What makes animals unique?

A

Animals come in all different shapes and sizes and have special organs to help them live eg heart

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8
Q

Can animals make their own food and how do they eat food?

A

No they have to eat other living things.

They need to digest food. To do this some have
1. special organs to help digestions
2. Some have teeth
3. some produce chemicals to break down food

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9
Q

What is another group of living things?

A

Plants

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10
Q

What does the plant group include?

A

trees, grasses, shrubs and flowers

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11
Q

How do plants make their own food?

A

They make their own food through PHOTOSYNTHESIS

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12
Q

What do plants need to make their own food?

A

Sunlight and water

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13
Q

Why are plants important?

A

Because they make their food from sunlight and therefore are very important to life on earth

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14
Q

Why do living things need to GROW?

A
  1. To replace broken or damaged parts eg grazing knee
  2. To develop and mature eg baby to adult or plant losing leaves and growing back
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15
Q

Why do living things need MOVE?

A
  1. To get food
  2. avoid being eaten
  3. move objects around their body
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16
Q

How do living things move?

A

They move by flying, walking or swimming.

Some living things only move part of their body and others only move on the inside.

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17
Q

How do living things reproduce?

A
  1. Animals have babies
  2. Plants produce seeds
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18
Q

Why is it important to reproduce?

A

So the living thing doesnt die out or become extinct.

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19
Q

Why is sensing or feeling the environment important for living things?

A

So they can stay alive, for example temperature. When dogs pant they are hot and trying to cool down

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20
Q

Why is Nutrition (needing food) important for living things?

A

Living things use a lot of energy and therefore need food to replenish this energy

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21
Q

Why is breathing important for living things?

A

Living things need to breathe to turn food into energy

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22
Q

How does breathing create energy?

A

When you breathe you take oxygen from the air and this oxygen turns the food you eat into energy for your body to use

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23
Q

Why do living things need to produce waste?

A

Living things create energy and waste is what is left of your food once all the energy has been used. Eg urine

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24
Q

What does Growth mean for living things?

A

This is the process of developing/changing and maturing

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25
Q

What is a plant and animal example of growth?

A
  1. Animal - a puppy will turn into an adult dog
  2. Plant - seeds turn into sprouts, seedlings and then flower
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26
Q

What is reproduction?

A

All living things to create copies of themselves in order for that species to survive

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27
Q

What is a plant and animal example of reproduction?

A

Plant - Flowers produce seeds to create more flowers
Animal - A bird will lay an egg which will turn into another bird

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28
Q

What is excretion?

A

This is the process of getting rid of waste material

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29
Q

What is a plant and animal example of excretion?

A

Plant: Some plants have leaves that wilt and fall off
Animal: A dog will excrete and urinate to get rid of waste

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30
Q

What is nutrition?

A

The process of turning food into energy

31
Q

What is a plant and animal example of nutrition?

A

Plant: Need sunlight to create their OWN food (photosynthesis)
Animal: A dog will need food and water which it will turn into energy

32
Q

What is Movement?

A

This is the process of changing a place, position or posture

33
Q

What is a plant and animal example of movement?

A

Plant - develop roots to keep themselves stable
Animal - bird flying or puppy chasing

34
Q

What is respiration?

A

Every living things need to breathe. This is a way of turning parts of their air such as oxygen or carbon dioxide into energy

35
Q

What is an example of respiration for plant and animal?

A

Plant - respire through their leaves
Animals - Humans breathe through nose / mouth

36
Q

What is SENSITIVITY?

A

This means feeling the environment around you. This could include humans using their senses (taste, smell etc)

37
Q

What is a plant and animal example of SENSITIVITY?

A

Plants - will wilt if in hot environments with no water
Animals - humans sweat to help cool their body down

38
Q

What is a predator?

A

A predator is an animal that eats other animals

39
Q

What is the opposite of a predator?

A

Prey

40
Q

What is prey?

A

Prey is the organism that is eaten by the predator

41
Q

What do predators look like?

A

They come in all different shapes and size

42
Q

What do humans eat?

A

Humans eat both plants and meat. They are omnivores

43
Q

Are humans predators?

A

yes

44
Q

Why are animals predators?

A

They hunt to meet their physical needs and need food in order to survive.

45
Q

Why is the predator-prey relationship important?

A

Any change in the size of one population directly effects the other eg rabbit and fox

46
Q

Why are predator-prey relationships important?

A

They maintain balance in the eco-system

47
Q

What happens when a species has no predators?

A

Overpopulation
For example the cane toad.

48
Q

What happens if the prey becomes better at escaping predators?

A

The predators must adapt to become better at catching their prey

49
Q

What are 2 groups that divide animals?

A
  1. Vertebrates
  2. Invertebrates
50
Q

What is a vertebrate?

A

Animals that have a backbone or spine

51
Q

What is an invertebrate?

A

Animals that do not have a backbone

52
Q

What are examples of vertebrates?

A

Fish, mammals and birds

53
Q

What are examples of invertebrates?

A

worms and shellfish

54
Q

True or Flase, all living things are part of the food chain?

A

TRUE

55
Q

Who are at the bottom of the food chain?

A

Producers

56
Q

What are producers?

A

They are always plants

57
Q

Where do plants get their energy from?

A

sun

58
Q

What is a herbivore?

A

Animals that only eat plants. They are primary consumers. Eg giraffe, elephant, bees

59
Q

What is a carnivore?

A

Animals that only eat other animals.

60
Q

What is an omnivore?

A

Animals that eat both plants and other animals

61
Q

What are humans? Omnivores, carnivores or herbivores?

A

Omnivores

62
Q

What is a food chain?

A

A food chain shows the relationship between different plants and animals

63
Q

What is a producer?

A

A producer is a living thing that makes its own food. Such as plants.

64
Q

How do producers make their own food?

A

PHOTOSYNTHESIS - Producers make their own food by converting non-living things such as carbon dioxide, minerals, water and energy from the sun into food

65
Q

What are consumers?

A

Consumers are animals that can not make their own food

66
Q

What are the 3 types of consumers

A
  1. Herbivores
  2. Carnivores
  3. Omnivores
67
Q

What is a carnivore that only eats herbivores called?

A

Secondary consumer

68
Q

What is a carnivore that eats other carnivores called?

A

Tertiary consumer

69
Q

How does the arrow mean in the food chain?

A

transfer of energy or “eaten by”

70
Q

What is the differences between a food chain and food web?

A

Food webs are a collection of food chains

71
Q

Why is a food chain less accurate than a food web?

A

A food web is more accurate than a food chain as it shows the varied diet of the animal

72
Q

What are decomposers?

A

Tiny organisms such as bacteria, earthworms and some fungi eat dead matter to break it down.

73
Q

Who become food for decomposers?

A

When plants and animals die they become food for decomposers

74
Q

What do decomposers do?

A

They create organic material that is returned the soil.
The producers then use the organic material during photosynthesis

Science 2024 (3 decks)

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