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General Biology 1 12 > Lesson 2 Cell > Flashcards

Lesson 2 Cell Flashcards

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1
Q

Types of Cells

A

Eukaryotic
Prokaryotic

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2
Q

no

lack a nuclear
envelope and membrane-
bound organelles

divides
through Binary Fission

A

Prokaryotic Cells

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3
Q

yes

has

are generally larger and have
very distinct nuclei that are clearly
surrounded by nuclear membranes

They also have numerous membrane-
bound organelles found in the
cytoplasm

they divide through
Cell Division

A

Eukaryotic Cells

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4
Q

Regions of the cell

A

Cell(plasma) membrane
Protoplasm
Nucleus
Cytoplasm

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5
Q

all the living matter in a cell

includes Nucleus Cytoplasm

A

Protoplasm

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6
Q

regions of the animal cell

A

cell membrane
nucleus
nucleolus
vacuole
lysosome
cytoplasm
mitochrondion
endoplasmic reticulum
golgi complex

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7
Q

lipid bilayer

A

hydrophilic head
hydrophobic tail

barrier

impermeable to most water-soluble molecules

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8
Q

Components of Plasma Membrane

A

Lipids
Proteins
Carbohydrates

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9
Q

types of lipids in plasma membrane

eu

A

phospholipids
cholesterol

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10
Q

types of proteins in plasma membrane

eu

A

integral proteins
peripherals proteins

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11
Q

types of carbohydrates in plasma membrane

eu

A

glycolipids
glycoproteins

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12
Q

Characteristics of Plasma Membrane

A

Fluid Mosaic Model
Membrane Fluidity
Selectively Permeable

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13
Q

Mosaic

A

different molecules

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14
Q

Fluidity

A

natural
viscosity

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15
Q

fatty acid tails of the
phospholipids

M F

eu

A

“kinks”

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16
Q

molecules which act
as regulators of
fluidity

M F

eu

A

cholesterol

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17
Q

which only allows
certain molecules
to move into and
out of the cell

A

lipid bilayer

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18
Q

Plasma Membrane is permeable to:

A

Lipids
Alcohol
Small Molecules
(oxygen nitrogen carbon dioxide water)

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19
Q

Plasma Membrane is impermeable to

A

Polar Molecules
Large Molecules
(glucose amino acids nucleic acids proteins)

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20
Q

4 roles of membrane proteins

A

channel
carrier
cell recognition
receptor

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21
Q

passageway of certain
molecules

A

Channel
Proteins

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22
Q

change conformation to
transport molecules

A

Carrier Proteins

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23
Q

detect invading
pathogens

A

Cell Recognition
Proteins

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24
Q

binding of molecules to
trigger responses

A

Receptor
Proteins

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25
Q

Models of plasma membrane

A

Lipid Bilayer
Sandwich Model
Fluid Mosaic Model

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26
Q

this is where all different subcellular structures are suspended

A

Cytoplasm

27
Q

material that makes up the Cytoplasm

A

Cytosol

28
Q

found in Eukaryotic Cells

site where Nucleic Acids are synthesized

site for the storage of heredity factors

A

Nucleus

29
Q

parts of the Nucleus

A

Nuclear Membrane
Nucleoplasm
Nucleolus
Nuclear Pore
Chromatin

30
Q

two-layered membrane

contains ribosomes on its outer later

continous with the endoplasmic reticulum

A

nuclear membrane

31
Q

dense, protein-rich substance where the nucleolus is suspended

A

nucleoplasm

32
Q

responsible for ribosome formation

rich in proteins and nucleic acids

where rRNA is transribed and assembled

A

Nucleolus

33
Q

selective channels between the cytoplasm and nucleus

A

nuclear pore

34
Q

made of DNA and proteins

forms chromosomes during cell division

A

chromatin

35
Q

Cytoplasmic Organelles

A

Endoplasmic Reticulum
Golgi Apparatus
Mitochondria
Lysosomes

36
Q

It
moves material from one place to
another place inside the cell.

It extends from the nucleus to the
cell membrane and takes up quite
a lot of space in some cells.

A

Endoplasmic Reticulum

37
Q

2 parts of endoplasmic reticulum

A

Rough
Smooth

38
Q

They are the packaging and
releasing structures of the
cell.

A

Golgi
Apparatus

39
Q

It is the “power
house” of the cell.

A

Mitochondria

40
Q

They contain
chemicals/enzymes that

digest wastes and worn-
out/damaged cell parts.

A

Lysosomes

41
Q

Phagocytosis

A
42
Q

protein (actual building blocks) are made on the surfaces of these very tiny structures

tiny dots on the edges of some of the endoplasmic reticulum

A

Ribosomes

43
Q

participates in the formation of the mitotic spindle

central role in cell division

A

Centriole

44
Q

form the spindle apparatus that appears during cell division

_+microfilaments, form the cytoskeleton

A

Microtubules

45
Q

support the cell to maintain its structure and shape

provides resiliency against forces that can alter the shape

A

Microfilaments

46
Q

essential in the glucose cycle

abundant in liver cells

A

Glycogen Granules

47
Q

are substances that possess their own color

abundant in plant cells

A

Pigment

48
Q

parts of Plant Cell

A

R E R
S E R
G A
N
R
M
Microbody
Chloroplast
Vacuole
Cell Wall
P M or C M

49
Q

provide strength and rigidity to the cell

composed of cellulose

plant

A

Cell Wall

50
Q

larger and more centrally located in plant cells than in animal cells

A

Water Vacuoles

51
Q

carry out the photosynthetic function in plants

eg chloroplasts, chromoplasts, leucoplasts

A

Plastids

52
Q

eukaryotic found where

A

plants
animals
fungi
protists

53
Q

prokaryotic found where

A

bacteria
archea

54
Q

Parts of the Prokaryotic Cell

A

Capsule
Plasmid
Pilus/Pili
Flagellum
Cell Wall
Plasma Membrane
Nucleoid
Cytoplasm
Ribosome
Flagellum

55
Q

a sticky outer layer that
provides protection

prc

A

Capsule

56
Q

a structure that confers
rigidity and shape to the
cell

prc

A

Cell Wall

57
Q

a structure that serves as a
permeability barrier

prc

A

Plasma Membrane

58
Q

a genetic material

prc

A

Plasmid

59
Q

DNA-containing region
within the cytoplasm

prc

A

nucleoid

60
Q

the region where chromosomes
(DNA), ribosomes, and various
inclusions are found

prc

A

Cytoplasm

61
Q

the site where protein is
synthesized

prc

A

Ribosome

62
Q

a hair-like appendage that
functions in adhesion

prc

A

Pilus/Pilu

63
Q

facilitates movement of
bacteria

A

Flagellum

General Biology 1 12 (6 decks)

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