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Biochem 1 LCUP (MBVitor) > Lesson 2 > Flashcards

Lesson 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Substances found in living organism

A

Biochemical Substances

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2
Q

2 subunits of biochemical substances

A

Bioinorganic substances and bioorganic susbstances

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3
Q

Examples pf bioinorganic substances

A

Table salt and water

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4
Q

Examples of bioorganic substances

A

Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acid

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5
Q

Most abundant class of biomolecules

A

Carbohydrates

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6
Q 
Most important carbohydrate
Absorbed in the blood stream
Major metabolic fuel in mammals
Universal fuel of fetus
Precursor for synthesis of all carbs in the body
A

Glucose

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7
Q

Types of Glucose

A

Glycogen
Ribose-RNA
Deoxyribose-DNA
Galactose-brain

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8
Q

Clinical Significance (4)

A

Diabetes Mellitus
Galactosemia
Glycogen Storage Disease
Lactose Intolerance

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9
Q

The study of the roles of sugars in health and diseases

A

Glycobiology

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10
Q

Entire complement of sugars in an organism

A

Glycome

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11
Q

A comprehensive study of glycomes including genetic, physiological and other aspects

A

Glycomics

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12
Q

Hydrate of carbon

A

Carbohydrates

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13
Q

Bound form (Carbs)

A 
Polysaccharides
Glycoproteins and proteoglycans
Glycolipids
Glycosides
Mucopolysaccharides
Nucleic Acid
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14
Q

Function of Carbohydrates

A

Main source of energy
Glycogen-short term energy reserve
Supplies carbon atoms for synthesis

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15
Q

Struc componemt of cell membranes

A

Carbs to lipids

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16
Q

Molecule recognition process

A

Carbs to proteins

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17
Q

Cannot be broken into simpler form
1 polyhydroxyl aldehyde or poly hydroxyl ketone
(Classification of Carbs)

A

Monosaccharide

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18
Q

2 monosaccharide units covalently bonded to each other

Crystalline and water soluble substances

A

Disaccharide

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19
Q

3-10 monosaccharide units covalently bonded to each other

A

Oligosaccharide

20
Q

A polymeric carbohydrate that contains many monosaccharide units covalently bonded to each other

A

Polysaccharide

21
Q

Found in fruits,vegetables, honey

Blood sugar

A

Glucose

22
Q

Found in fruits, honey, cornsyrup

Fruit sugar

A

Fructose

23
Q

Found as part of lactose in milk

Brain sugar

A

Galactose

24
Q

CHO (monosaccharide classification)

A

Aldose

25
Q

CH2OH (monosaccharide classification)

A

Ketose

26
Q

2D structural notation for showing the spatial arrangement of group about chiral centers in a molecule

A

Fischer formula

27
Q

2D structure that specifies the 3D structure of a cyclic form of a monosaccharide

A

Haworth Projectiob

28
Q

Who made Haworth Projection

A

Sir. Walter N. Haworth

29
Q

Handedness in molecules

A

Chirality

30
Q

Key to understanding molecular handedness

A

Mirror image

31
Q

Image that coincide at all points when the images are laid upon each other

A

Superimposable mirror image

32
Q

Images where not all points coincide when images are laid upon each other

A

Non superimposable mirror image

33
Q

An atom in a molecule that has 4 different group bonded to it in a tetrahedral orientation

A

Chiral center

34
Q

Molecule whose mirror image are not superimposable

A

Chiral molecule

35
Q

Molecules whose mirror image are superimposable

A

Achiral molecule

36
Q

Substances have same molecular formula but different structural formula

A

Isomers

37
Q

Phenomenon where substances have same molecular formula but different structural formula

A

Isomerism

38
Q

Glucose is chiral and shows D/L isomerism

All are revered in mirror image

A

Enantiomers

39
Q

Chiral center stayed the same in mirror image

A

Diasteriomer

40
Q

Atoms are bonded in the same order in the molecules

A

Sterioisomers

41
Q

Atoms are not bonded in the same order in the molecules

A

Constitutional isomers

42
Q

OH group in the right

A

Dextrorotatory

43
Q

OH group in the left

A

Levorotatory

44
Q

Alpha and beta cyclic forms differs from each other in the configuration

A

Anomers

45
Q

Reactions of Monosaccharides (5)

A 
Oxidation to produce acidic sugar
Reduction to produce sugar alcohols
Glycoside formation
Phosphate ester formation
Amino sugar formation

Biochem 1 LCUP (MBVitor) (3 decks)

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