Lesson 2 Flashcards
In _______, to primitive societies in which “Mother-nurses worked with priests.
4000 BC
In_______, the use of wet nurses ( suckled and cared for infant of wealthy families ) is recorded in Babylonia and Assyria.
2000 BC
The ancient Greeks built temples to honor _______, the goddess of health.
Hygiea
in _____, ________, later known as Buddha, was born in india
500 BC, Gautama
_______ founded many religious orders that later supported King ______ in the establishment of homes that provided care.
Buddha, Asoka
In origins of Nursing, the basic nursing care was provided by ______ nurses.
male
During this period, the industry was based on religion , with most available nurses consisting of nuns and even monks.
Nursing in the “Middle Ages”
During this period, Around the late 500’s to early 600’s, the first Spanish hospital was created in Merida, Spain, with many of its nurses being supplied by the Catholic church.
Nursing in the “Middle Ages”
During middle age __________ began to fall into disrepair in the 800’s, Emperor Charlemagne came to the decision to restore and equip these hospitals with all of the latest medical equipment of that time.
European hospitals
During this period, The Emperor also demanded that hospitals should be attached to every cathedral and monastery within Europe, which helped to spur demand for even more nurses.
Middle Age
During this time (1400-1550 AD), Because of renewed interest in science , Universities were established , but no formal nursing schools were founded.
Renaissance (1400-1550 AD)
During this Time. Because of social status and customs , women were not encouraged to leave their homes; they continued to fulfill the traditional role of nurturer and caregiver in the home.
Renaissance (1400-1550 AD)
During this time, Introduced technology that led to a proliferation of factories.
Industrial Revolution (1760-1800s)
During this time, Conditions for the factory workers were deplorable. Long hours, grueling work , and unsafe conditions prevailed in the workplace.
Industrial Revolution (1760-1800s)
In this time, the health status of laborers received little attention.
Industrial Revolution (1760-1800s)
In ______, _________ revived the Church Order of Deaconesses to care for those in a hospital he had founded.
1836, Theodor Fleidner
_________ became famous because they were the only ones formally trained in nursing.
Deaconesses of Kaiserwerth
Florence Nightingale received her nurse’s training at the Kaiserwerth Deaconesses’ Institute in Kaiserwerth, _______.
Germany
During this time, There were no standards for nurses who worked in hospitals.
End of the 18th Century
In the early to mid 1800s, nursing was considered unseemly for women even though some hospitals (alms houses) relied on women to make beds, scrub floors, and bathe the poor.
End of the 18th Century
In this time, Most nursing care was still performed in the home by female relatives of the ill.
End of the 18th Century
The roots of modern nursing began to take shape in this era.
18th and 19th Centuries
During these years, Britain and North America were at the forefront of innovation within the industry, though with each introducing different forms of nursing to the market.
18th and 19th Centuries
During the ________ (1854-1856) orders of nursing sisters provided care to French and Russian soldiers, but there were no organized services to care for the wounded and sick British soldiers.
Crimean War (1854-1856)
During this time _________ (1854-1856) When the British people learned of their soldiers’ poor care, it led to public outcry.
Crimean War (1854-1856)
The secretary of war, __________, contacted Florence Nightingale for assistance.
Sir Sidney Herbert
Nightingale and the recruits were assigned to a barrack hospital in ______, ______.
Scutari, Turkey
Using her own private allowance, Nightingale purchased needed supplies, made changes, and within __ months lowered the death rate from ____ to ____.
6 months, 50%-60% to 2%.
During this time ________ (1861-1865), The sisters of the Holy Cross respond to the need for nurses during the war wherein America’s increasing demand for nurses.
Civil war (1861-1865)
By the end of this war, ___ sisters had cared for soldiers in _____, ______, ______, and ______.
Civil war, 80 sisters, Illinois, Missouri, Kentucky, Tennessee
A school teacher who volunteered as a nurse during the war, was referred to as the “Angel of the Battlefield” for rendering care in field hospitals.
Clara Barton
In ______, _________ established the American Association of the Red Cross and served as its first president.
1881, Clara Barton
A change agent in government reforms for humane treatment in mental hospitals, volunteered as a nurse when the Civil War began
Dorothea Dix (1802-1887)
Appointed as the Superintendent of Women Nurses for all military hospitals, the first U.S. Army Nurse Corps.
Dorothea Dix (1802-1887)
Dorchester County, Maryland, United States, she was known as the “Moses of Her People” for her work with the underground railroad during the Civil War.
Harriet Tubman (1820-1913)
she served as a nurse for people of her own race.
Harriet Tubman (1820-1913)
She is underground railroad agent, preacher, and women’s rights advocate
Sojourner Truth (1797-1883)
The casualties of _______ created an acute nursing shortage.
World War II (1939-1945)
During this time, the Cadet Nurse Corps was established during this time to provide additional nurses to meet both military and civilian needs.
World war ll
During this time, the Corps’ training for nurses was shorter than the typical civilian education of 3 years.
Civil war (1939-1945)
During this time, licensed practical nurses were created to work under the supervision of registered nurses.
World War II (1939-1945)
During early wars, nurses often on the front lines administering physical and spiritual care to wounded soldiers with limited supplies and medicine.
World War II (1939-1945)
During this time, The nurse would apply pressure to stop the bleeding, assure the soldier someone would stay at his side, pray with the soldier, or write a letter for the soldier.
World War II (1939-1945)
she is the founder of modern nursing, and grew up in a wealthy upper-class family in England during the mid 1800s
Florence nightingale
In 1860, _______ - she opened the Training School of Nurses at St. Thomas’s Hospital in _______.
Florence nightingale, London, England
This was the first school for nurses that provided both theory-based knowledge and clinical skills.
St.Thomas’s Hospital in London
In _____, The Nightingale Pledge was written and administered for the first time to graduates of the “Farrand Training School of Harper Hospital” in Detroit.
1893
In _____, _______ founded the Henry Street Settlement and Visiting Nurse Services. She is considered the founder of Public Health Nursing.
1893, Lilian Wald
In _____ American Nurses Association(ANA) was organized.
1897
1899, ________ was established by Mrs. Bedford Fenwick of Great Britain.
International Council of Nurses(ICN)
1900, ________ was the 1st nursing journal in U.S., owned, operated and published by nurses.
American Journal of Nursing (AJN)
1876, __________-Volunteering to nurse victims of yellow fever in Cuba, she died after allowing herself to be bitten by a mosquito as an experiment on immunity.
Clara Louise Maass
Male nurses called “______” or “______”, assisted Spanish Friars in caring for the sick in hospitals which were established in 1578.
enfermero, practicante
This was the earliest recorded use of the word “nurse” in the country
Spanish Colonization
It was established mainly to care for the Spanish king’s soldiers, but also admitted Spanish civilians; Founded by Gov. Francisco de sande
Founded by Gov. Francisco de Sande.
Hospital Real de Manila (1577)
• Built exclusively for patients with leprosy.
In 1578, _________ Hospital founded by Brother Juan Clemente and was administered for many years by the Hospitalier of San Juan de Dios
San Lazaro Hospital (1578)
In (1596), __________ hospital founded by the Brotherhood of Misericordia and administered by the Hospitaliers of it; support was delivered from alms and rents; rendered general health service to the public.
San Juan de Dios Hospital (1596)
__________ (1586) - Earliest Hospital established by the Franciscan Order; service was in general supported by alms and contributions from charitable persons.
Hospital de Indios ( 1586 )
In (1590) ________ -established in Laguna; near a medicinal spring, founded by Brother J. Bautista of the Franciscan Order.
Hospital de Aguas Santas, 1590
_________-wife of Jose Rizal. Installed a field hospital in an estate house in Tejeros. Provided nursing care to the wounded night and day.
Josephine Bracken
__________-converted their house into quarters for the Filipino soldier, during the Philippine-American war that broke out in 1899.
Rosa Sevilla De Alvero
__________- Wife of Emilio Aguinaldo; Organized the Filipino Red Cross under the inspiration of Apolinario Mabini.
Dona Hilaria de Aguinaldo
__________ - second wife of Emilio Aguinaldo. Provided nursing care for the Filipino soldier during the revolution. President of the Filipino Red Cross branch in Batangas.
Dona Maria de Aguinaldo
_________ (Tandang Sora) - Nurse the wounded Filipino soldiers and gave them shelter and food.
Melchora Aquino
_________ - A revolutionary leader in Nueva Ecija; provided nursing care to the wounded when not in combat.
Captain Salome
_________ - Revolutionary leader in Laguna, also provided nursing services to her troop.
Agueda Kahabagan
__________ - “Ina ng Biac na Bato”, stayed in the hospital at Biac na Bato to care for the wounded soldier.
Trinidad Tecson
It was ran by the Baptist Foreign Mission Society of America.
Iloilo Mission Hospital School of Nursing (Iloilo City, 1906)
In Iloilo Mission Hospital School of Nursing (Iloilo City, 1906), _________ a graduate of New England Hospital for woman and children in Boston, Massachusetts, was the first superintendent.
Miss Rose Nicolet
in 1942, Miss Flora Ernst, an American nurse, took charge of the school
Iloilo Mission Hospital School of Nursing (Iloilo City, 1906)
What hospital is this?
In 1907, with the support of the Governor General Forbes and the Director of Health and among others, she opened classes in nursing under the auspices of the Bureau of Education.
Philippine General Hospital School of Nursing (1907)
___________, was the first Filipino to occupy the position of chief nurse and superintendent in the Philippines, succeeded her.
Anastacia Giron-Tupas
PGH began in _____ as a small dispensary for Civil officers and Employees in the City of Manila and later grew as a Civil Hospital
1901
In 1906, ________, an educator advocated for the idea of training Filipino girls for the profession of nursing with the approval of Government officials
Mary Coleman Masters
__________ opened the first dormitory for Girls enrolled at the Philippine Normal Hall and the University of the Philippines.
Mary Coleman Masters
what hospital is this? (1907)
• The hospital was established by the Archbishop of Manila, Jeremiah Harty
• Under the supervision of the Sisters of St. Paul de Chartres
• Located in Intramuros.
• It provided general hospital services.
It opened its training school for nurses in 1908, with Mother Melanie as superintendent and Miss Chambers as Principal.
St. Paul’s Hospital School of Nursing (1907)
• The hospital is an Episcopalian Institution.
• It began as a small dispensary in 1903.
• In 1907, the school opened with three girls admitted.
• Miss Helen Hicks was the first principal.
• Mrs. Vitaliana Beltran was the first Filipino superintendent of nurses
• Dr. Jose Fores was the first medical director of the hospital.
St. Luke’s Hospital School of Nursing
What hospital is this?
• In 1907, Sister Rebecca Parrish together with registered nurses Rose Dudley and Gertude Dreisbach, organized the It.
The nurses’ training course began with “three Filipino young girls fresh from elementary as their first students.”
Mary Johnston Hospital and School of Nursing
The beginning of Nursing practice In ____, The first attempt to legalize the practices of nursing in the Philippines was made by the ________ but this was not acted upon by the Philippine Legislature.
1913, Director of Health
Act No. ______ was promulgated amending the Medical Law (Act No. ____)
In 1915, to regulate the practice of nursing.
This law provided for the registration of graduate nurses under the
Bureau of Health.
There were no examinations to be taken and fees to be paid, in order to become a registered nurse, as stated in the said Act.
• Nurses merely enlisted.
• Applicants needed to be 20 years old at the time of application, and should be of good physical health and moral character (Tupas, 1952).
2493, No. 310
On April _____, a law to regulate practice of nursing in the Philippines was enacted. Act 2808, was known as the First True Nursing Law. It led to the creation Board of Examiners for Nurses.
Apr. 1919
In ______ the first board examination for nurses in the Philippines was given. A physician served as the first executive officer of the Board of Examiners for Nurses (Tupas, 1952).
1920
In 1920 ____________ for nurses was conducted by the Board of Examiners,93 candidates took the exam, 68 passed with the highest rating of 93.5%-Anna Dahlgren
1st board examination
Theoretical exam was held at the __________ of the College of Medicine and Surgery. Practical exam at the _________.
UP Amphitheater, PGH Library
On ________, the precursor to the accredited professional organization in the country was formed.
15th of October
initiated the publication of the journal called the “_________,” was later named as “The Philippine Journal of Nursing”.
Filipino Nurse
In 1922, Act 3025 was passed by the Fifth Legislature, to amend certain sections of Act _______ entitled “An Act Regulating the Practice of Nursing Profession in the Philippine Islands”.
sections of Act 2808
_________, a graduate of the Philippine General Hospital School of Nursing, presented in her thesis the development of a nursing education within a University-based College of Nursing.
Julita V. Sotejo
ADPCN (1959) meaning?
Association of Deans of Philippines Colleges of Nursing (ADPCN)
1962, PNA meaning?
Philippine Nurses Association
1963, ANSAP Meaning?
Association of Nursing Service Administration of the Philippines (ANSAP)
