Lesson 2 Flashcards
Word parts
smaller parts that are very important in learning medical terminology
root word
the basic component of the terms used to communicate
prefix
a word part added to the beginning of a root word
suffix
a word part added to the end of a root word
compound words
Words made up of two or more root words are called ___
combining vowel
joins a root word to other word parts
acr/o
extremity, tip
aden/o
gland
append/o, appendic/o
appendix
arteri/o
artery
arthr/o
joint
bi/o
living thing, life
cardi/o
heart,
upper part of stomach
col/o, colon/o
large intestine, colon
crani/o
skull
cyst/o
sac of fluid, bladder
cyt/o
cell
derm/o, dermat/o
skin
duct/o
carry
enter/o
small intestine
gastr/o
stomach
gen/o
giving rise to, creating
gloss/o
tongue
glyc/o
sugar
hem/o, hemat/o
blood
hepat/o
liver
hist/o
tissue
hydr/o
water, fluid
leuk/o
white
lith/o
stone
muc/o
mucus
my/o
muscle
myel/o
bone marrow, spinal cord
neur/o
nerve
norm/o
proper, rule
oste/o
bone
path/o
disease
ped/o
child, infant, foot
pulmon/o
lung
ren/o
kidney
secti/o
cut into
splen/o
spleen
tens/o
pressure
the/o
put
therm/o
heat
thorac/o
chest
thromb/o
clot
ven/o
vein
a/ (also an/)
without, absent
ab/
away from
ac/
toward, near
ad/
toward, near
(same as ac/)
anti/
against, opposed
brady/
slower than usual
cata/
negative, down
de/
lessened, removed
dia
through
ec/ (also ex/)
outside, outer
ecto/ (also exo/)
outside, outer
en/, end/o
within
epi/
upon, in addition
hemi/
half
hyper/
increased, above
hypo/
decreased, below
in/
into; not
infra/
inferior to, below
inter/
between
intra/
within
macro/
gross, large
micro/
small, tiny
pan/
all, every
para/
beside, beyond
per/
through
peri/
around, surrounding
post/
after, past
pre/
before
re/
again, back
retro/
behind, back
sub/
under, inferior to
tachy/
faster than usual
/ac (adjective)
relating to
/al (adjective)
relating to
/algia (noun)
pain
/ar (adjective)
relating to
/ary (adjective)
relating to
/centesis (noun)
withdrawing fluid
/cyte (noun)
cell
/eal (adjective)
relating to
/ectomy (noun)
removal
/emia or /hemia (noun)
throughout the blood
/grade (adjective)
go
/gram (noun)
picture, record, tracing
/graph (noun)
instrument that creates a
picture or recording
/graphy (noun)
process of creating a
picture, record, tracing
/ia (noun)
condition
/iac (adjective)
relating to
/ic (adjective)
relating to
/ior (adjective)
relating to
/ism (noun)
situation, process, condition
/ist (noun)
one who does
/itis, /itic
(noun) (adjective)
inflammation
/ium (noun)
structure
/logy (noun)
study of; also used as
a root word—log/o
/megaly (noun)
enlargement
/meter (noun)
distance measure,
instrument to measure
/oid (adjective)
like
/ose (adjective)
like, relating to (also suffix for
chemical name for sugar)
/opsy (noun)
look at
/osis (noun)
pathologic condition
/ous (adjective)
relating to
/pathy (noun)
disease process
/scope (noun)
instrument to see through
or with
/stasis (noun)
control, hold in
/tic (adjective)
relating to
/y (noun)
process of
noun
the name of a person, place or thing.
adjective
a word that describes a noun
noun suffixes
Suffixes that make a word a noun are called ______
adjective suffixes
Suffixes that make a word an adjective are called ____
combined suffix
Often a root word + suffix combination can itself be used as a word ending. You can think of this as a
abbreviations
Healthcare professionals frequently use shortened versions of longer words or phrases. These shortened versions of words and phrases are called _____
X-substitutions
use one letter, followed by the letter x
a
before
a.c.
before meals
āā, aa
of each
ad lib
as desired
a.m.
morning
b.i.n.
twice a night
b.i.d.
twice a day
Bx
biopsy
c
with
Dx
diagnosis
Fx
fracture
h, hr
hour
h.s.
hour of sleep (bedtime)
Hx
history
No., #
number
noct.
in the night
non rep
do not repeat, no refills
n.p.o.
nothing by mouth (nulla per os)
p
after
p.c.
after meals
ped
pediatric
p.m.
afternoon
p.o.
by mouth
p.r.n.
as needed
q.
every
q.#h
every # of hours
q.a.m.
every morning
q.h.
every hour
q.s.
quantity sufficient, as much as you need
q.i.d.
four times a day
Rx
prescription
s
without
stat
immediately
Sx
symptoms
t.i.d.
three times a day
Tx
treatment
Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP)
the nation’s only 501c (3) nonprofit organization devoted entirely to medication error prevention and safe medication use. Its mission is to advance patient safety worldwide by empowering the healthcare community, including consumers, to prevent medication errors.
AD, AS, AU
“right ear,” “left ear,” “each ear”
OD, OS, OU
“right eye,” “left eye,” “each eye”
BT
“bedtime”
D/C
“discharge” and “discontinue”
IJ
“injection”
IN
“intranasal” or “NAS”
HS
“half-strength”
hs
“bedtime”
OD, o.d.
“daily”
OJ
“orange juice”
Per os
“PO,” “by mouth,” “orally”
qhs
“nightly”
qn
“nightly” or “at bedtime”
q1d
“daily”
q6PM
“daily at 6 PM”
SC, SQ, sub q
“subcut” or “subcutaneously”
ss
“sliding scale,” “one-half” or “1/2”
SSRI
“sliding scale”
SSI
“sliding scale insulin”
i/d
“1 daily”
TWI, twi
“3 times weekly
UD
“as directed”
