Lesson 2 Flashcards
Music is made of______.
sound
is the basic sound material with which the composer works.
Tone
refers to the highness or lowness of a tonal sound in terms
of its location in the musical scale
pitch
It is the arrangement of pitches.
Scale
It indicates the key in which
the composition is written.
Key Signature
It is the length of time in which vibration is maintained without
interruption. It is not fixed. It is designed within musical notation.
Duration
It consists of series of symbols or notes.
Musical Notation
It comprises recurring pulses and accent (beats).
Rhythm
refers to rhythmic patterns produced by grouping
together strong and weak beats
Meter
is the written indication of meter.
Time signature
give music its regular rhythmic pattern. They are grouped together in a
measure
Beats
is the units of beats indicated by bar lines in a musical score.
Measure
It is the rate of speed determined by the length of a beat.
Tempo
Also known as tone color; it refers to the quality of sound that
distinguishes one voice or instrument from another.
Timbre
is the highest register female voice.
Soprano
is the female vocal range between the soprano and alto.
Mezzo soprano
is lower than a soprano but higher than a tenor
Alto or counter-tenor
is the highest register male voice.
Tenor
is a male voice lower than tenor but higher than bass.
Baritone
is the lowest male voice.
Bass
are abbreviations or symbols used to signify the degree of
loudness or softness of a piece of music. It also indicates whether there is a change in
volume.
Dynamics
Piano, p
Soft
pianissimo, pp
very soft
mezzo piano,mp
slightly soft
forte, f
loud
fortissimo,ff
very loud
mezzo forte,mf
slightly loud
fortepiano,fp
loud then soft
sforzando, sfz
sudden accent
crescendo, ˂
gradually louder
diminuendo,˃
gradually soften
It refers to the tune of a song or piece of music. It is the memorable tune
created by playing a succession or series of pitches.
Melody
is determined by melody’s length and range.
Dimension of melody
_______ means moderate length
Less than _ is short.
More than _ is long.
8 measures
8
8
is the pitch distance from its lowest to its highest tone.
Range
the distance between is an octave
Moderate range
the distance is less than an octave
Narrow
the distance is more than an octave
Wide
It is the relative highness or lowness of the aggregate tones of a melody.
Register
pertains to the movement of the melody.
Upward
Downward
Static
Direction
It refers to the intervals (pitch distance) between the tones as melody
moves from one tone to the next.
Progression
Progression may be ______ if the movement is stepwise
conjunct
______ if it contains
numerous prominent skips
disjunct
refers to the combination of notes (or chords)
played together and the relationship between a series of chords.
harmony
is the most common chord. It is a combination of three tones– 1
st, 3rd, 5th
or
the do, mi, sol
Triad
refers to the number of layers as well as the type of
layers used in a composition and how these layers are related.
Musical texture
Texture may be monophonic (single melodic line), polyphonic (two or more melodic lines)
and
homophonic (a main melody accompanied by chords).
Two different, simultaneous melodies.
Biphonic
A slightly elaborated melody with one or two voices.
Heterophonic
When tones, chord or voice parts are closely spaced.
Thick texture
When tones are widely spaced.
Thin texture.
A choral music sung without instrumental accompaniment
A cappella.
A song developed by the troubadours and trouveres with French text
Chanson
A strophic religious song often sung by a congregation
Chorale
A religious or patriotic song
Anthem
A contrapuntal song without accompaniment
Madrigal
An extended solo song, usually accompanied by an orchestra, usually found in
operas, cantatas, oratorio
Aria
A musical play
Opera
Based on religious subject for a varied combination of soloists, chorus and
instruments
Cantata
A sacred opera
Oratorio
A piece of orchestral music played at the start of an opera
Overture
A composition usually in three movements which makes use of the formal
pattern of fast, slow, and fast
Sonata
A music played by an ensemble of two to nine instruments
Chamber music.
A piece of orchestral music based on the same principle of the sonata
Symphony
A composition for a solo instrument and orchestra
Concerto
A music for particular dances
Dance
A romantic or dreamy piece, usually for piano
Nocturne
An instrumental music which does not make use of a poem or story
for its idea composer is interested only in the expressive pattern of sound
Absolute music
An instrumental music built around a story or poem; also descriptive
music
Program music
