Lesson 1A Flashcards
What is the Physical Layer responsible for in the OSI model?
The Physical Layer (Layer 1) is responsible for transmitting raw bits (0s and 1s) over a physical medium such as cables or wireless signals. It deals with the physical connection between devices, including cable types, connectors, and signal transmission.
What is the unit of data used in the Physical Layer?
The unit of data used in the Physical Layer is called Bits. These are the raw electrical or optical signals that represent data being transmitted over the network.
What does the Data Link Layer (Layer 2) do with data?
The Data Link Layer (Layer 2) takes bits from the Physical Layer and groups them into Frames. Frames add header and trailer information, including MAC addresses, to ensure data is delivered correctly within the same network segment.
What is the unit of data used in the Data Link Layer?
The unit of data used in the Data Link Layer is called a Frame. Frames include headers with source and destination MAC addresses and are used to transfer data between devices on the same local network.
What role does the Network Layer (Layer 3) play in data transmission?
The Network Layer (Layer 3) takes frames from the Data Link Layer and encapsulates them into Packets. It adds logical addressing (IP addresses) to the packets and handles routing them through different networks.
What is the unit of data used in the Network Layer?
The unit of data used in the Network Layer is called a Packet. Packets include IP addresses and are used to route data between different networks.
How does the Transport Layer (Layer 4) manage data?
The Transport Layer (Layer 4) takes packets from the Network Layer and breaks them into Segments. Each segment contains a header with port numbers to ensure data is delivered to the correct application and manages end-to-end communication.
What is the unit of data used in the Transport Layer?
The unit of data used in the Transport Layer is called a Segment. Segments include application layer data, port numbers, and sequence numbers to manage data flow and ensure reliable delivery.
How are data units encapsulated as they move down the OSI model?
As data moves down the OSI model:
Application data is divided into Segments (Layer 4).
Segments are encapsulated into Packets (Layer 3).
Packets are framed into Frames (Layer 2).
Frames are converted into Bits (Layer 1) for transmission.
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What is the function of a Transceiver in the Physical Layer?
A Transceiver is a device that converts data from one form to another. It sends and receives signals over the network medium, such as cables or wireless channels, handling the physical layer’s responsibilities.
What is the purpose of a Hub in the Physical Layer?
A Hub is a multiport repeater that connects multiple devices in a network, allowing them to communicate by retransmitting signals to all connected devices.(Legacy)
What does a Repeater do in the Physical Layer?
A Repeater amplifies the electrical signal to extend the maximum allowable distance for a media type. It helps in maintaining signal strength over longer distances.
What is a Media Converter in the Physical Layer?
A Media Converter is a device that changes one type of media signaling to another. For example, it might convert electrical signals from copper cables to optical signals for fiber optics.
What does the Data Link Layer (Layer 2) use to ensure data is delivered correctly?
The Data Link Layer (Layer 2) uses Frames with MAC addresses and error-checking mechanisms to ensure data is delivered accurately within a local network segment.
What is a Modem used for in the Physical Layer?
A Modem modulates and demodulates signals, enabling digital data to be transmitted over analog lines, such as telephone lines. It converts digital data into analog signals and vice versa.
