Lesson 16 - Water Insecurity Effects Flashcards
What are the 2 types of water scarcity?
Physical
Economic
What is physical water scarcity?
Determined largely by climate
Balance of inputs + outputs
Requires tech. + capital investment to overcome
Which factors affect physical scarcity?
Geology
Topography
Continentality
What is economic scarcity?
Adequate blue water supplies
Lack of sufficient tech, capital, governance to fully exploit supplies
What is the WPI?
Water Poverty Index
Assessment of degree of water
shortage + subsequent insecurity problems
What are the 6 factors affecting the price of water?
Cost of obtaining supply
Infrastructure Investment
Demand
Govt policy
Privatisation
Piped Supply
How does cost of obtaining supply affect water prices?
Deficient local supply increases costs
Transport costs
VHHD nations, abstraction easier
Construction costs (Purifying etc.)
What is a VHHD nation?
Very High Human Development
How does infrastructure investment affect water prices?
Complex collection, treatment + supply processes
Govt subsidies reduce costs
How does demand affect water prices?
Higher demand, higher price
HVVD’s, wealthier citizens, higher prices
How does govt. policy affect water prices?
High costs to discourage waste
State subsidies reduce costs for low income labour/consumption
How does privatisation affect water prices?
Privatising water industry tends to increase costs
Public water often subsidised
How does piped supply affect water prices?
Poor piped supply, forced to buy from vendors
Middlemen costs
Plentiful supply, less additional costs
