Lesson 16 And 17 Flashcards

Question

Dealing with Nutrition within adolescent age

Answer 1

All the changes of puberty depend on nutrition, yet many adolescents are deficient in necessary vitamins or minerals, with research showing that eating habits get worse throughout the teen years. Fewer than helpful of all teenagers consume the recommended daily dose of 15 milligrams of iron, found in green vegetables, eggs, and meat. Because menstruation depletes the body of iron, more adolescent girls are anemic than those in any other age or gender group. Adolescent boys also suffer from anemia, especially if they engage in physical labor or competitive sports, because muscles need iron. Calcium is another example. Such nutritional deficiencies result from the choices young adolescents are allowed, even enticed, to make. There is a direct link between deficient diets and the availability of vending machines in schools. Fast-food establishments cluster around high schools, if zoning permits, and many such places are hangouts for teenagers.

Answer 2

Another reason for poor nutrition during adolescence is anxiety about body image—that is, a person’s idea of how his or her body looks. Since puberty alters the entire body, it is almost impossible for teenagers to welcome every change. Unfortunately, their perceptions are distorted; they tend to focus on and exaggerate the problems.

Answer 3

One result of dissatisfaction with body image is that many teens, especially girls, develop extreme behaviors related o eating. Eating disorders increase dramatically during adolescence.

Answer 4

Anorexia Nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by voluntary starvation. It is officially diagnosed when four symptoms are evident: 1) refusal to maintain a weight at least 85% of normal body mass index (BMI); 2)intense fear of weight gain; 3) disturbed body perception along with denial of the problem; and 4) absence of menstruation in adolescent and adult females. While about 1% o all women in late adolescence suffer this disorder, it leads to death by organ failure or suicide in 5-20% of these women.

Answer 5

Bulemia Nervosa is characterized by compulsive overeating, or binging, followed by purging through vomiting or the use of laxatives. Bulemia is about three times more common than anorexia. And while starvation typically is not a risk associated with bulimia because most with this condition are close to normal weight, there are serious risks associated with the disorder, including damage to the gastrointestinal system, cardiac arrest, compulsive disorders and depression. Approximately 6.6% of U.S. high school girls and 2.2% of high school boys reported bulimic behaviors in a 2013 survey.

Answer 6

Pregnancy during adolescence occurs with alarming frequency, even if the rate has declined over the past 50 years. This is a nationwide phenomenon, though it is encouraging to report that the rate of teen pregnancy in Utah has dropped substantially in recent years. In 2006, approximately 0 of every 1000 young women age 15-19 years became pregnant. By 2011, this rate had dropped to better educate teens about reproduction, sexual behavior, personal responsibility, contraceptive methods.

Answer 7

When compared to women who wait (beyond their teens) to bear children, teen mothers are more likely to exhibit: 1. Diminished education (more likely to drop out of high school) 2. Marital instability (even if they marry the father of the child ,this relationship is not likely to last, and subsequent relationships also are likely to fail). 3. Long-term reliance on public assistance (difficult to find and keep work when you are a single parent without a high school education) 4. Poverty as an adult; 5. non-optimal parenting (the typical teen mother does not have the personal or other resources that would be required to care adequately for an infant or young child) 6. High numbers of subsequent children (a surprising proportion of girls who become mothers in their teens will have one or two additional children while still in their teens)

Answer 8

When compared to children of older mothers, children of teen mothers are more likely to experience: 1. Pre- and perinatal health complications (e.g. problems during pregnancy, problems during delivery, low birth weight, serious illness, etc.) 2. Intellectual deficits 3. Poor adjustment/low achievement during later school years 4. Teen parenthood (oddly enough, children born to teen parents are more likely than others to become parents themselves during their teens)

Answer 9

Sexually transmitted infections (STI, formerly referred to as STD’s) are another risk associated with sexual activity. STI is defined as any infection transmitted through sexual contact (oral or genital). These include syphilis, gonorrhea, genitals herpes, chlamydia, and HIV. World-wide, sexually active teens have higher rates of common STI’s than any other age group. And while teen pregnancy and abortion rates have fallen over recent years, STI’s show no signs of reduction.

Answer 10

It is understood that the hormones of puberty awaken sexual interest. As such, we must recognize that adolescent sexual impulses are normal, they can be a source of joy, and they can be instructive in preparing adolescents for health, mature adult relationships. It also is important to recognize that the current cohort of teenagers is sexually healthier and more responsible than was true of previous cohorts.