Lesson 12 Grammar

Question 1

To express obligation (I have to/do not have to; need to / do not need to) (Pres. & Fut.)

Answer 1

Sub ( ले ) inf. + पर्छ / पर्दैन

Question 2

Past tense obligation (I had to/ did not have to; I needed to/did not need to)

Answer 2

Sub ( ले ) inf. + पर्यो / परेन

Question 3

नै is used to express urgency; great necessity

Answer 3

v.s. + नै + पर्छ

Question 4

म जानु पर्छ

Answer 4

I have to go

Question 5

म जानै पर्छ

Answer 5

I really have to go; I must go.

Question 6

मैले यो काम आज सिद्ध्याउनु पर्छ

Answer 6

I have to/need to/must finish this work today.

Question 7

म भोलि काठमान्डू जानु पर्छ

Answer 7

I have to/will have to go to Kathmandu tomorrow.

Question 8

(impersonal) नेपालमा काम गरको लागि नेपालि भासा सिक्नु पर्छ

Answer 8

One should learn Nepali to work in Nepal.

Question 9

टाउको दुख्दा aspirin खानु पर्छ

Answer 9

One should take an aspirin when one’s head hurts.

Question 10

to express habitual Pres. & simple Fut. tense, use 3rd Pers. Sing. of हुनु

Answer 10

हुन्छा / हुदैन ( दै is nasal)

Question 11

अहिले जाडो छ

Answer 11

It is cold now.

Question 12

Decemberमा जाडो हुन्छा

Answer 12

It (always/habitually) cold in December.

Question 13

आउने हप्ता जाडो हुन्छा

Answer 13

It will be cold next week.

Question 14

In cases of “should” use:

Answer 14

पर्छ

Question 15

In cases of “should NOT” use:

Answer 15

inf. + हुदैन (हु is nasal)

Question 16

रक्सि खानु हुदैन

Answer 16

One should not drink alcohol.

Question 17

Use of “ ले “ as with (manner/how one does something

Answer 17

______ले = with ______

Question 18

म हातले खान्छु

Answer 18

I eat “with” my hand.

Question 19

म सधै तातो पानीले नुहाउछु

.

Answer 19

I always bathe with hot water.

Question 20

म अर्को हप्ता गाउमा हुन्छु

Answer 20

Next week, I will be in the village.

Question 21

हाम्रो जाच कहिले हुन्छा ?

Answer 21

When will our test be?

Question 22

म भित्र आए हुन्छा ?

Answer 22

Is it okay if I come in? May I come in?

Question 23

हिन्दुहरुले गाइको मासु खान हुदैन

Answer 23

Hindus should not eat beef.

Question 24

Pres. v.s. + न / नु हुन्छा

Answer 24

it’s allowed; it’s ok to do; you may do

Question 25

यसरि खानु हुन्छा ?

Answer 25

Is it alright to eat like this?

Question 26

past v.s. + एर

Answer 26

after, having done, and, with ‘verb’ ing

Question 27

जुत्ता लगाएर

Answer 27

with shoes on

Question 28

past v.s. + ए हुन्छा ?

Answer 28

may I/he/we; is it o.k.?; is it allowed?

Question 29

म भित्र आए हुन्छा ?

Answer 29

May I come in?

Question 30

हामि भित्र आए हुन्छा ?

Answer 30

May we come in?

Question 31

तपाइँ भित्र आए हुन्छा .

Answer 31

You may come in.

Question 32

मैले पकाए हुन्छा ?

Answer 32

May I cook?

Question 33

तपाइले पकाउनु हुदैन .

Answer 33

You should not cook.

Question 34

na + past v.s. + ए हुन्छा ?

Answer 34

Is it OK if I don’t? or as statement: It’s ok if you don’t.

Question 35

भोलि म यहा नआए हुन्छा ?

Answer 35

Is it OK if I don’t come here tomorrow?

Question 36

भोलि तपाइँ यहा नआए हुन्छा .

Answer 36

It’s OK if you don’t come here tomorrow.

Question 37

हुन्छा ?

Answer 37

Okay?

Question 38

हुदैन

Answer 38

not okay (हु is nasalized)

Question 39

म घारमा जान्छु, हुन्छा ?

Answer 39

I’m going to my house, okay? (ans: हुन्छा = okay)

Question 40

न + past v.s. + इकन

Answer 40

without doing something ( जुत्ता नलगाइकन )

Question 41

past v.s. + एको

Answer 41

inform past & pres. continuous (…ing); used with all pronouns & does not conjugate.

Question 42

(past tense use of एको ) हिजो म पाटन गएको .

Answer 42

Yesterday I went to Patan.

Question 43

(pres. cont. use of एको ) अहिले मैले पिज्जा खाएको

Answer 43

I’m eating pizza now.

Question 44

न + past v.s. + एको

Answer 44

(neg. form) did not or am not doing something

Question 45

किन नखाएको ?

Answer 45

Why didn’t you eat? (or) Why are you not eating? (Can be used with any personal pronoun)

Question 46

pres. v.s. + ने

Answer 46

pres. or fut. tense w/any personal pronoun.

Question 47

न + pres. v.s. + ने

Answer 47

negative form, pres. or fut. tense w/ any pronoun

Question 48

अब तपाइँ गए हुन्छा .

Answer 48

Now you may go.

Question 49

आज नोभेम्बर २० तारिख हो .

Answer 49

Today’s date is Nov. 20.

Question 50

आज कति तारिख हो ?

Answer 50

What is today’s date?