Lesson 11.3: The Mongols in China Flashcards
QUIZ DATE: Monday, November 4th
The Mongols
A dominant nomadic group in central Asia, north of China (Mongolia)
Yurts
Movable tents, particularly used by the Mongols.
Steppes
Wide, grassy plains, which go from the Black Sea to Northern China
What did the Mongols live in? (physical homes)
Yurts
What animals did the Mongols raise?
Horses, sheep’s, and yaks (long-haired oxen)
Where did the Mongols live (NOT Mongolia)
Together in clans in the steppes of Mongolia
How was Genghis Khan elected ruler? Name the time and place. What was his original name?
Temujin was elected ruler in A.D. 1206 in the Gobi Desert, via a counsel of leaders.
What was the first thing that Genghis Khan did as ruler?
He created laws for a new legal code
What was the second thing Genghis Khan did as ruler?
He created a group of clan chiefs for military campaigns.
How many people were in Genghis Khan’s army? Were they trained.
Genghis Khan made an army of 100k+ trained warriors.
When was the first Mongolian conquer of China. What was the timeframe and what parts?
They conquered Northern China between A.D. 1211-1214
What areas did Mongolia conquer along with Northern China.
The areas controlling the Silk Road
How did the Mongolians act while conquering places?
Cruel, violent, etc
When did Genghis Khan pass away? What happened to Mongolia.
He died in A.D. 1227 and his territories were split for his sons.
Where did Mongolia conquer after Genghis Khan’s death?
They conquered Persia, Baghdad, Syria, and Palestine. They were stopped by Egypt in A.D. 1260
What was Mongolia’s ruling style?
Although they took over violently, they were peaceful in their territories.
What ideas did Mongolia learn from China?
Gunpowder, the fire lance, and more;
Who was the grandson of Genghis Khan? When did he take over
Kublai Khan took over in A.D. 1260
Where did Kublai Khan set the capital
Khanbaliq (the city of Khan), which is modern-day Beijing.
What was the full timeframe of the Mongol conquest of China? (after conquering the southern part)
From A.D. 1271-1279, Kublai Khan’s forces finished invading China. He ruled for 30/100 years in the YUAN DYNASTY.
How was government in the Yuan Dynasty?
Mongol leaders were given high jobs, but some Chinese officials were kept. Scholar Officials kept their statuses.
Did the Yuan Dynasty use Civil Service exams? How did they do it, instead?
They did not. They opened the government to ALL people, not just Mongols/Chinese
How was tourism to China during the Yuan Dynasty
Many people traveled to China via the Silk Road.
Where was Marco Polo from?
Venice, Italy
Who did Marco Polo win the favor of? Where?
He earned the favor of Kublai Khan in Khanbaliq.
What did Marco Polo do for China?
He traveled for them and brought many things back. He also improved many industries due to it.
What did the Yuan Dynasty improve?
Maritime trade
What did the Yuan Dynasty trade?
Tea, silk, and porcelain.
What did the Yuan Dynasty trade for?
Silver, carpets, cotton, and spices.
Who did the Yuan Dynasty trade to?
Muslims and Europeans
Who did the Yuan Dynasty finally invade?
Korea and Japan (11.4 contains more info)
