Lesson 11: Managing Packages and Software

Question 1

dpkg

Answer 1

allows you to install a package but Didnt handle depencies so apt-get was vreate to download dependciances which contained as cache
apt -cache used to maintine queeir cache

Question 2

What is apt?

Answer 2

apt is the cmd line int for managing aptitude which allow you to install software

Question 3

When installing software with apt, where is that software queried from?

Answer 3

software comes from a repository located in the /etc/apt/sources.list file or /etc/apt/sources.list.d folder

Question 4

How do you search for the repo software on the system?

Answer 4

apt list {string}
apt search {string}

note. you can use the wildcard (*) to find anything that starts with {string}

Question 5

How do install software located in the repository?

Answer 5

apt install {string}

Question 6

How do install software not located in the repository?

Answer 6

1. download package to system found on software website
2. apt install {file_name}
   OR
   1.. utilize trusted repository if available
3. add to the sources.list file
   (install key to verify security)
4. update the apt cache > apt update
5. install apt install {string}

Question 7

What is apt upgrade used for?

Answer 7

Used to download and install a update to the system

Question 8

How do you upgrade you distribution, OS?

Answer 8

Run apt dist-upgrade

Question 9

How do you uninstall a software?

Answer 9

apt remove {sting}

Question 10

What is YUM stand for?

Answer 10

Yellow Dog Update Management.

Question 11

What is DNF?

Answer 11

Dandified YUM serves as a update to YUM

Question 12

What problem did YUM solve concerning RPM?

Answer 12

RPM did not track dependencies and you would have had to install each dependencies individually. YUM solves this by tracking dependencies

Question 13

What is the rpm command is used for?

Answer 13

used to manage RPM packages on Red Hat-derived distributions. The syntax of the rpm command is rpm [options] [package name]

Option:

• i {package name}Install the specified software
• e {package name}Erase (uninstall) the package.
• v Enable verbose mode, providing more detail.
• h Print hash marks to indicate a progress bar.
• V {package name}Verify the software components of the package exist.
• qa List all installed software (typically a very largeoutput).
• qi {package name} List information about a particular package.
• qc {package name} List the configuration files for a particularpackage.
• U —upgrades the installed package, and installs the package if it is not alreadyinstalled.
• F —freshens the installed package, i.e., upgrades but does not install the packageif it is not already installed.

Question 14

Where can you browse yum repositories?

Answer 14

Go to /etc/yum.repos.d

Question 15

How do you search for software using yum?

Answer 15

Yum list {string}

Yum search {string} - searches through metadata of packages and looks for keywords

Yum info {package_name}

Question 16

How do you install software using yum?

Answer 16

yum install {software} or to install multiple software yum install {software} {software} {software}

Question 17

How do you add a yum repository?

Answer 17

navigate to /etc/yum.repos.d
create a new repository file
input information for 3rd party
for security reasons download and install a copy of public key

Question 18

How do you look for update using yum

Answer 18

yum update - update software, cache, and distribution

Question 19

How do you uninstall a software using yum?

Answer 19

yum remove {software}

Question 20

Why would you build a application from source code?

Answer 20

Some applications are not deployed or not distributed as a pre compiled binary

Question 21

What is compiling software?

Answer 21

Its taking a text and converting it to binary

Question 22

What is gcc?

Answer 22

GNU Compiler Collection

Make is also a good software to used with gcc
Gzip is another piece of useful software

Question 23

What is the software compilation process?

Answer 23

1. Unpack download, typically using tar and/or gzip commands.
2. Change into directory that gets created as part of the unpacking process.
3. Run the ./ configure command to gather system information needed by the application (information is stored in the makefile)
4. Use the make command to compile the application using the information stored in the makefile
5. Use make install command to install the resulting binaries (the application).

Question 24

What is the purpose of tar?

Answer 24

The purpose is to bundle together multiple files into a single tarball with a .tar extension

Basic options for tar are as follows:

• c Create the tarball
• x Extract the tarball.
• v Enable verbose mode.
• r Append more files to an existing tarball.
• t Test the tarball or see what files are included in the tarball.
• f Specify the name of the tarball in the next argument (must be used as the last option).

Question 25

What is gzip?

Answer 25

one of the most common compression utility in the Linux

The basic commands for gzip:

gzip {file name} —Compresses the file and appends the .gz extension
gzip -d {file name} —Decompresses the file.

Question 26

What command enables a user to view shared library dependencies for an application?

Answer 26

The ldd command. The syntax of the ldd command is ldd [options] {program binary}