Lesson 1.1: Introduction to Engineering Utilities Flashcards
Liquids and gases together called _______.
fluids
The ____________________ use liquids and / or called gases as working substance for transfer and transformation of energy from one form to another.
fluid machines
The _________________ convert the potential energy or kinetic energy or pressure energy or thermal energy or internal energy of fluid into mechanical work and are called engines or turbines or prime movers or driving machine.
fluid machines
The ____________________ may called pumps or compressors or blowers or fans to deliver fluids from low level of energy to higher level by consuming mechanical work
driven machines
Is an equipment capable of handling fluid, either moving the fluid or moved by the fluid
Fluid Machinery
Is a device which converts the energy stored by a fluid into mechanical energy or vice versa
Fluid Machinery
The device in which the kinetic, potential or intermolecular energy held by fluid is converted in the form of mechanical energy in a rotating member is known as a ___________.
turbine
Is the force of gravity in a unit volume of a substance.
Specific weight
Is the mass per volume of a substance.
Density
Is the volume of a unit mass of a substance or the reciprocal of density.
Specific volume
Is the ratio of the specific weight of any substance to that of water or the ratio of density of any substance to that water.
Specific gravity
Is a measure of the resistance to flow of a fluid; or it may be defined as the ratio of the shearing stress or force between adjacent layers of fluid to the rate of change of velocity perpendicular to the direction of motion.
Viscosity
Is a dimensionless parameter used to determine the type of fluid while flowing through a pipe
Reynolds Number
At low Reynolds numbers, flows tend to be dominated by ___________ flow, while at high Reynolds numbers flows tend to be __________.
laminar, turbulent
Is the type of flow of fluid in which the fluid particles move along straight, parallel paths in layers or laminae.
Laminar Flow
Is the type of flow of fluid in which the fluid particles move in a haphazard fashion in all directions.
Turbulent Flow
Is a combination of laminar flow and turbulent flow.
Critical Flow (Transitional Flow)
____________________ is an equation derived from the first law of thermodynamics of steady flow open system used to determine the mass flow rate and volume flow rate of fluid
Continuity equation
It is a system used to move liquid at low pressure elevation to high pressure elevation.
Pump
A machine that draws a fluid into itself through a suction port and forces that fluid out through a discharge port.
Pump
A machine for moving a liquid, such as water, by accelerating it radially outward in an impeller to a surrounding volute casing.
Centrifugal pump
A pump in which motion and pressure are applied to the fluid by a reciprocating piston in a cylinder.
Also known as piston pump.
Reciprocating pump
A displacement pump that delivers a steady flow by the action of two members in rotational contact.
Rotary pump
A multistage centrifugal pump for lifting water from deep, small diameter wells; a surface electric motor operates the shaft.
Also know as Vertical Turbine Pump.
Deep-well pump
____________ is the height to which a column of fluid must rise to contain the same amount of energy as is contained in one unit weight or mass of fluid under the conditions being considered.
Head of Fluid
Is a head based upon the elevation of the fluid above some arbitrarily chosen datum plane.
Potential or Actual head
Is a measure of the kinetic energy contained in a unit mass fluid due to its velocity and is given by the familiar expression for kinetic energy.
Kinetic or Velocity Head
Is the energy contained in the fluid as a result of its pressure and is equal to
Pressure head
_______________________ is an equation used to determine the head of fluid.
Bernoulli’s equation
