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BSMT - Principles of Medical Laboratory Science (PMLS) > Lesson 11: HEALTH CARE WASTE MANAGEMENT > Flashcards

Lesson 11: HEALTH CARE WASTE MANAGEMENT Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Refers to ALL SOLID OR LIQUID WASTES

A

Health Care Wastes

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2
Q

All health care facilities, institutions, business establishments, and other spaces where health care services are offered with activities or work processes that generate health care wastes

A

Health Care Generators

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3
Q
  • Suspected to contain pathogens or toxins
  • Discarded materials or equipment used for diagnosis, treatment and
    management of patients with infectious diseases
A

Infectious Waste

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4
Q
  • Tissue sections and body fluids or organs derived from biopsies, autopsies, or surgical procedures sent to the laboratory for examination
  • Internal organs and tissues used for histopathological examinations
A

Pathological & Anatomical Waste

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5
Q
  • Cause cuts, pricks or puncture wounds
  • Most dangerous health care waste because of their potential to cause both injury and infection
  • Used syringes in phlebotomy, blood lancets, surgical knives, and broken glasswares
A

Sharps

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6
Q
  • Discarded chemicals (solid, liquid or gas) generated during disinfection and sterilization procedures
  • Laboratory reagents, X-ray film developing solutions, disinfectants and soaking solutions, used batteries, concentrated ammonia solutions, concentrated hydrogen peroxide, chlorine and mercury from broken thermometers and sphygmomanometers
A

Chemical Waste

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7
Q
  • Expired, split and contaminated pharmaceutical products, drugs and vaccines including discarded items used in handling pharmaceuticals
  • Antineoplastic, cytotoxic and genotoxic wastes such as drugs used in oncology
  • Empty drug vials, medicine bottles, containers of cytotoxic drugs, materials used for preparation & administration – syringes, needles, vials
A

Pharmaceutical Waste

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8
Q
  • Wastes exposed to radionuclides including radioactive diagnostic materials or radiotherapeutic materials
  • Cobalt, technetium, iodine and iridium, irradiated blood products and contaminated waste, patients excretion, all materials used by patients exposed to radionuclides within 48 hours
A

Radioactive Waste

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9
Q
  • Waste that have not been in contact with communicable or infectious agents, hazardous chemicals, or radioactive substances and do not
    pose a hazard
  • Plastic bottles, used paper products, office wastes, scrap wood, food waste of non-infectious patients
A

Non-hazardous or General Waste

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10
Q

What are the kinds of health care waste management system?

A

Green Procurement Policy, Resource Development, End of pipe

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11
Q
  • Minimizing waste before it’s generated by choosing eco-friendly products and services
A

Waste prevention

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12
Q
  • Involves decreasing waste at the source through practices like proper segregation to manage waste efficiently and affordably
A

Waste reduction

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13
Q

finding a new application for a used material/using the same product for the same application repeatedly

A

Reusing

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14
Q

processing of used materials into new products

A

Recycling

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15
Q

waste is converted to fuel for generating electricity

A

Energy recovery

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16
Q

recycling, composting, energy recovery

A

Waste recovery

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17
Q

for wastes that cannot be safely reused, recycled or recovered

A

End of pipe

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18
Q

changing the biological and chemical characteristics of waste to minimize its potential to cause harm

A

Treatment

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19
Q

discharging, depositing, placing or releasing any health care waste into air, land or water

A

Disposal

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20
Q

Is the process of separating different types of waste at the point of generation until their final disposal

A

Segregation

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21
Q

Kills all microorganisms

A

Sterilization

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22
Q

Reduces the level of microorganisms

A

Disinfection

23
Q

Thermal decomposition of health care wastes in the absence of supplied molecular oxygen in the destruction chamber – converted into gaseous, liquid or solid form

A

Pyrolysis

24
Q

greasy aggregates or slugs, recoverable metals, carbon black

A

Waste residues

25
Q
  • Use of steam sterilization to render waste harmless
  • Efficient wet thermal disinfection process
  • Uses pressure – 15 psi and heat – 121°C
  • 15 to 30 minutes
A

Autoclave

26
Q

100°C (237.6°F) for at least 30 minutes

A

Microwave

27
Q
  • Sodium hypochlorite, hydrogen peroxide, peroxyacetic acid & heated alkali – kill or inactivate present pathogens
  • Recommended - Sodium hypochlorite (bleach) with 5% concentration for chemical disinfection
  • Generates chemical waste
A

Chemical disinfection

28
Q

Uses enzyme mixture

A

Biological process

29
Q

Filling of containers with waste, adding and immobilizing material & sealing the containers

A

Encapsulation

30
Q

Suitable for pharmaceutical waste – mixing of waste with cement and other substances before disposal

A

Inertization

31
Q

After treatment, health care wastes are usually disposed in ___________

A

landfills

32
Q

engineered site designed to keep waste isolated from the
environment

A

Landfill

33
Q

Majority of the wasted produced by health care facilities are

A

Non-hazardous wastes

34
Q

A syringe used for the injection of an antineoplastic drug is classified under this type of waste

A

Pharmaceutical waste

35
Q

What is an example of a halogenated disinfectant?

A

Sodium hypochlorite

36
Q

DOH Administrative Order No. 2008-0021 mandated the phaseout of equipment containing this metal

A

Mercury

37
Q

Strong leak-proof BIN, Yellow plastic LINER

A

Infectious Waste, Pathological and Anatomical Waste

38
Q

Puncture-proof bin

A

Sharps

39
Q

Yellow with black band plastic LINER

A

Chemical Waste, Pharmaceutical Waste, Cytotoxic Waste

40
Q

Radioactive proof repositories BIN, Orange plastic LINER

A

Radioactive Waste

41
Q

Optional recycle symbol BIN, Black or colorless for non-biodegradable, green for biodegradable LINER

A

General Waste

42
Q

3 ka arrow ga cycle

A

Recycle Symbol

43
Q

Triangle sign, opposite sa infectious symbol

A

Biohazard Symbol

44
Q

Diamond sign, chemical touch sa kamot

A

Corrosive

45
Q

☢️

A

Old Radiation Symbol

46
Q

Triangle sign, radiation sa taas, death saleft, tao running sa right

A

New Radiation Symbol
Ionizing Radiation Sign

47
Q

Diamond sign, Flask nga naay sharp lines

A

Explosive Symbol

48
Q

Cell nga toxic

A

Cytotoxic Symbol

49
Q

Diamond sign, Opposite sa biohazard symbol

A

Infectious Symbol

50
Q

Diamon sign, ball nga nagkalayo

A

Reactive Symbol

51
Q

Diamond sign, kalayo nga solid color

A

Flammable Liquid Symbol

52
Q

Diamond sign, kalayo na striped

A

Flammable Solid Symbol

53
Q

Diamond sign, death symbol

A

Poison/Toxic Symbol

BSMT - Principles of Medical Laboratory Science (PMLS) (4 decks)

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