Lesson 1.1

Question 1

Matter is composed of small particles

The molecules interact with one another through attractive forces. The strength of these forces is related to the distance between the particles

These molecules are always in constant random motion.

The temperature of a substance is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the molecules.

Answer 1

Small particles
Attractive forces, strength, distance
constant random motion
Temperature=average kinetic energy

Question 2

Atoms=building blocks
Moleculds

Question 3

attractive forces between molecules

Answer 3

intermolecular forces

Question 4

stronger the interaction between two molecules,
the _ their distance will be

Answer 4

Smaller

Tsronger smaller
weaker larger distance

Question 5

Solids have particles with
_ intermolecular
forces such that their
particles are very close to
one another.

Answer 5

Strong

Question 6

Liquids have _
intermolecular forces.
This makes liquid particles
farther from one another
compared to those in
solids.

Answer 6

intermediate

Question 7

Gases have particles that are
very far apart from one
another due to _
intermolecular forces

Answer 7

weak

Question 8

The extent of their motion varies depending on the

Answer 8

Temperature

Strength of the interaction between the particles

Question 9

● Solids, due to their strong
intermolecular forces, have
_ motion.

Answer 9

restricted

Question 10

● The particles of solids are
only able to _ back and
forth around a specific point
or location.

Answer 10

vibrate

Question 11

● _, having
intermediate intermolecular
forces, are able to move
past each other.

Answer 11

Liquids

Question 12

● Since their particles are still
close to one another, the
motion is restricted to
small distances as they
will collide with another
molecule.

Liquids

Question 13

● Gases, having weak
intermolecular forces, are
able to move in relatively
_ distances before
colliding with another
molecule.

Answer 13

long

Question 14

This happens because the
particles are very far apart
from one another.

Gases

Question 15

Based on the kinetic molecular theory of
matter, the state of a matter is determined
by two factors

Answer 15

temperature

strength of intermolecular forces.

Question 16

● At lower temperatures, intermolecular forces
determine the state of a substance.
● Substances with intermediate to strong
intermolecular forces will form a condensed phase,
either solid or liquid.
● Those with weak intermolecular forces will be in the
gaseous state

Question 17

● Recall that a higher temperature means a higher
average kinetic energy.
● This means that the particles will have enough energy
to move around faster.
● Increasing the temperature also weakens the
intermolecular forces of attraction

Question 18

● Increasing the temperature
will provide enough kinetic
energy to overcome their
strong intermolecular forces.

● The solid becomes a liquid in
a process called _.

Answer 18

Melting

Question 19

Vaporization
● When liquid water is
heated, its particles are able
to move past one another
in relatively longer
distances.
● The process in which liquid
is converted to a gas is
called _.

Answer 19

Vaporization