Lesson 1: Understanding the Self Flashcards
It is essential to understand behaviors and beliefs that affects ourselves and others specifically in becoming effective and successful person in life, work, and relationship.
Understanding oneself
It (1) provides a sense of purpose; (2) leads to healthier relationships; (3) helps harness your natural strength; and (4) promotes confidence.
Self-understanding
It characterizes the way we define our existence.
Self and personality
These refers on how we organize our experiences that are reflected to our behavior.
Self and personality
These are the theatrical masks worn by Romans in Greek and Latin drama.
persona
It comes from the two Latin words “per” and “sonare”, which literally means “to sound through”.
Personality
These Latin words literally means “to sound through”.
“per” and “sonare”
Where does he etymological derivative of personality come from?
persona
It has no single definition since different personality theories have different views on how to define it.
Personality
It is the relatively permanent traits and unique characteristics that give both consistency and individuality to a person’s behavior (Roberts & Mroczek, 2008).
Personality
This plays a key role in affecting how people shape their lives. It involves the complex relationship of people with their environment, how they cope and adjust through life, and how they respond to demands of physical and social challenges.
Personality
It is the overall pattern or integration of a person’s structure, modes of behavior, attitudes, aptitudes, interests, intellectual abilities, and many other distinguishable personality traits.
Personality
It is the conglomeration of the following components: physical self, intelligence, character traits, attitudes, habits, interest, personal discipline, moral values, principles and philosophies of life.
Personality
This refers to the total person in his/her overt and covert behavior.
Personality
This includes the neighborhood a person lives in, his school, college, university and workplace.
Environmental Factors of Personality
It also counts the social circle the individual has. Friends, parents, colleagues, co-workers and bosses, everybody plays a role as the determinants of personality.
Environmental Factors of Personality
This also refers to the genetic make-up of the person that inherited from their parents.
hereditary factors
This describes the tendency of the person to appear and behave the way their parents are.
hereditary factors
These include the overall physical structure of a person: height, weight, color, sex, beauty and body language, etc.
physical features
The preliminary results from the electrical stimulation of the brain (ESB) research gives indication that better understanding of human personality and behavior might come from the study of the brain.
brain
Although these factors do not literally create and shape up an individual’s personality, they do alter a person’s behavior and response from time to time.
Situational Factors of Personality
These can be commonly observed when a person behaves contrastingly and exhibits different traits and characteristics.
Situational Factors of Personality
It is traditionally considered as the major determinants of an individual’s personality.
Culture
It is a very important determinant of behavior of a person.
Culture
It is a complex of these beliefs, values, and techniques for dealing with the environment which are shared among contemporaries and transmitted by one generation to the next.
Culture
These reflect people’s characteristic patterns of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. They imply consistency and stability.
Personality traits
This rests on the idea that people differ from one another in terms of where they stand on a set of basic trait dimensions that persist over time and across situations.
Trait psychology
This is the most widely used system of traits.
The Big Five or the Five-Factor Model
This system includes five broad traits that can be remembered with the acronym OCEAN: Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism.
Five-Factor Model
What does the acronym OCEAN stand for?
Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism
Someone who is sociable, friendly, and gregarious.
Extravert
The tendency to appreciate new art, ideas, values, feelings, and behaviors.
Openness
The tendency to be careful, on-time for appointments, to follow rules, and to be hard working.
Conscientiousness
The tendency to be talkative, sociable, and to enjoy others; the tendency to have a dominant style.
Extraversion
The tendency to agree and go along with others rather than to assert one owns opinions and choices.
Agreeableness
The tendency to be frequently experience negative emotions such as anger, worry, and sadness, as well as being interpersonally sensitive.
Neurotism
Prefers not to be exposed to alternative moral systems; narrow interest; inartistic; not analytical; down-to-earth
Openness (Low Scores)
Enjoys seeing people with new types of haircuts and body piercing; curious; imaginative; untraditional
Openness (High Scores)
Prefers spur-of-the-moment action to planning; unrealiable; hedonistic; careless; lax
Conscientiousness (Low Scores)
Never late for a date; organized; hardworking; neat, persevering; punctual; self-disciplined
Conscientiousness (High Scores)
Preferring a quiet evening reading to a loud party; sober; aloof; unenthusiastic
Extraversion (Low Scores)
Being the life of the party’ active; optimistic; fun-loving; affectionate
Extraversion (High Scores)
Quickly and confidently asserts own rights; irritable; manipulative; uncooperative; rude
Agreeableness (Low Scores)
Agrees with other about political opinions; good-natured; forgiving; gullible; helpful; forgiving
Agreeableness (High Scores)
Not getting irritated by annoyances; calm, unemotional; hardy; secure; self-satisfied
Neurotism (Low Scores)
Constantly worrying about little things; insecure; hypochondrical; feeling inadequate
Neurotism (High Scores)
They are important and interesting because they describe stable patterns of behavior that persist for long periods of time (Caspi, Roberts, & Shiner, 2005).
Traits
They are not just a useful way to describe people you know; they actually help psychologists predict how good a worker someone will be, how long he or she will live, and the types of jobs and activities the person will enjoy.
Personality traits
Answering this question can lead to a solid self-concept and self-understanding.
“Who am I?”
This is your understanding of who you are as a person.
self-concept
This is your understanding of what your motives are when you act.
self-understanding
This is generally thought of as our individual perceptions of our behavior, abilities, and unique characteristics—a mental picture of who you are as a person.
Self-concept
It tends to be more malleable when people are younger and still going through the process of self-discovery and identity formation.
Self-concept
It consists of attributes and personality traits that differentiate us from other individuals.
individual self
It is defined by our relationships with significant others.
relational self
This reflects our membership in social groups
collective self
What ideas were stated in the book, ‘Essential Social Psychology’, by Richard Crisp and Rhiannon Turner?
- The individual self consists of attributes and personality traits that differentiate us from other individuals. Examples include introversion or extroversion.
- The relational self is defined by our relationships with significant others. Examples include siblings, friends, and spouses.
- The collective self reflects our membership in social groups. Examples include British, Republican, African-American, or gay.
It is a collection of beliefs one holds about oneself and the responses of others.
Self-concept
It embodies the answer to the question “Who am I?”.
Self-concept
