Lesson 1 states of matter

Question 1

Properties of solids

Answer 1

• Arranged in a fixed pattern
• Are very close together
• Stay fixed to their neighbour
• Can only vibrate

Question 2

Properties of liquid

Answer 2

• Randomly arranged
• Are close together
• Always change neighbour
• Can move around freely

Question 3

Properties of gases

Answer 3

• Randomly arranged
• Lots of space between each other
• Move around freely and very quickly

Question 4

State changes

Answer 4

State changes are physical changes. They can be reversed and the chemical properties of the substance do not change.

The particles themselves do not change, only their arrangement and movement.

Question 5

solid->liquid:
Liquid->gas:
Solid->gas:
Gas->liquid:
Liquid->solid:
Gas->Solid:

Answer 5

Melting
Boiling 
Sublimation 
Condensing 
Freezing 
Deposition

Question 6

Melting

Answer 6

Heating-> Increased energy-> Particles vibrate more-> Particles start to break free of the structure and move around- electrostatic forces between particles are overcome

Question 7

Boiling/Evaporating

Answer 7

Heating->Increased energy->Particles move more-> Individual particles start to break free of the structure- electrostatic forces between particles are overcome

Question 8

Freezing

Answer 8

cooling-> Decreased energy-> Particles move less-> Particles stop moving around and just vibrate, forming a fixed shape- electrostatic attraction between particles form

Question 9

Condensing

Answer 9

Cooling-> Decreased energy-> Particles move less-> Particles begin to group together- electrostatic attraction between particles form

Question 10

heating curves

Solid -> liquid:

Answer 10

The temperature stays constants while the solid is melting. The substance is still being heated, but the added energy is making the particles break away from their fixed position

Question 11

heating curves

Liquid-> gas:

Answer 11

The temperature stays constant while the liquid is boiling. The particles are escaping from the liquid to form a gas